Prichard Roger K
Institute of Parasitology, McGill University, 21111 Lakeshore Road, Ste-Anne-de-Bellevue, Quebec, Canada, H9X 3V9.
Parasitology. 2007;134(Pt 8):1087-92. doi: 10.1017/S003118200700008X.
Benzimidazole (BZ) resistance is widespread and appears to be readily selected in a variety of nematode parasites of animals. There have been reports of a lack of efficacy of BZ anthelmintics against soil transmitted nematode parasites of humans. However, resistance to BZs in nematodes of humans has not been confirmed. It is difficult to perform tests to confirm anthelmintic resistance in humans for a variety of technical and ethical reasons. The use of anthelmintic drugs for the control of helminth parasites in people is increasing massively as a result of numerous programmes to control gastrointestinal nematode parasites in children, the Global Program for the Elimination of Lymphatic Filariasis and other programmes. Many of these programmes are dependent on BZ anthelmintics and this will increase the pressure for resistance development to BZ anthelmintics in nematode parasites of people. We need to perform monitoring for anthelmintic resistance in these programmes and we need new tools to make that monitoring sensitive, inexpensive and practical. There is a real need for DNA-based markers for BZ resistance in nematode parasites of humans. We have a reasonable understanding of the molecular mechanisms and genetics of BZ resistance in some nematode parasites of animals and similar mechanisms are likely to prevail in nematodes of humans. Based on the likelihood that similar single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) will be involved in BZ resistance in human, as in animal nematode parasites, rapid SNP assays have been developed for possible BZ resistance development in Wuchereria bancrofti.
苯并咪唑（BZ）抗性广泛存在，并且似乎很容易在多种动物线虫寄生虫中被选择出来。有报道称BZ驱虫药对人类土源性线虫寄生虫缺乏疗效。然而，人类线虫对BZ的抗性尚未得到证实。由于多种技术和伦理原因，很难进行测试以确认人类的驱虫药抗性。由于众多控制儿童胃肠道线虫寄生虫的项目、全球消除淋巴丝虫病规划及其他项目，用于控制人类蠕虫寄生虫的驱虫药的使用正在大量增加。这些项目中的许多都依赖于BZ驱虫药，这将增加人类线虫寄生虫对BZ驱虫药产生抗性的压力。我们需要在这些项目中监测驱虫药抗性，并且我们需要新的工具以使这种监测灵敏、廉价且实用。确实需要用于人类线虫寄生虫中BZ抗性的基于DNA的标记物。我们对某些动物线虫寄生虫中BZ抗性的分子机制和遗传学有了合理的了解，并且类似的机制可能在人类线虫中也普遍存在。基于与动物线虫寄生虫一样，人类BZ抗性可能涉及相似的单核苷酸多态性（SNP）这一可能性，已经开发了快速SNP检测方法来检测班氏吴策线虫中可能出现的BZ抗性。
