The oral complications of specific anticancer therapy.

Oral complications commonly affect cancer patients undergoing active treatment. These include oral infection, gingival bleeding, stomatitis/mucositis, xerostomia, dental caries and periodontal disease. The oral cavity also acts as an entry site for systemic infection, particularly in those who are myelosuppressed. This paper reviews the structure and function of the oral cavity and how this may be affected by anticancer therapy. Oral care procedures are discussed and controversial areas highlighted showing that, although it is generally agreed that oral care is essential in preventing/minimizing complications and maintaining general comfort, there is no general agreement about the frequency with which care is required or about the tools and agents to be employed. Areas for future research are highlighted.