Simon A R, Roberts M W
Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill 27599-7450.
ASDC J Dent Child. 1991 Sep-Oct;58(5):384-9.
Treatment for childhood malignancies has improved markedly in recent years. However, radiation and chemotherapy are often associated with morbidity involving oral tissues. Complications include mucositis, infection, xerostomia, and gingival bleeding. Children often acquire additional long-term sequelae due to potential impairment of growth and development. Management of oral complications has routinely consisted of multi-agent topical mouthrinses; oral and intravenous agents are also prescribed depending on the nature and severity of complications. The efficacy of multi-agent topical regimens is difficult to assess and long-term studies supporting such treatment are not available. Consequently, use of multiagent mouthrinses is declining in favor of 0.12 percent chlorhexidine rinse. In children, appropriate management and prevention of oral complications are essential and require that dental care be integrated with cancer treatment.
近年来，儿童恶性肿瘤的治疗有了显著改善。然而，放疗和化疗常常会引发涉及口腔组织的发病率。并发症包括口腔炎、感染、口干症和牙龈出血。由于生长发育可能受损，儿童往往还会出现其他长期后遗症。口腔并发症的管理通常包括使用多种药物的局部漱口水；也会根据并发症的性质和严重程度开具口服和静脉用药。多种药物局部治疗方案的疗效难以评估，且缺乏支持此类治疗的长期研究。因此，多种药物漱口水的使用正在减少，转而青睐0.12%的氯己定漱口水。对于儿童而言，适当管理和预防口腔并发症至关重要，这需要将牙科护理与癌症治疗相结合。
