Moreno-Garrido Ignacio
Institute of Marine Sciences of Andalucía (CSIC), Campus Río San Pedro, s/n 11510, Puerto Real, Cádiz, Spain.
Bioresour Technol. 2008 Jul;99(10):3949-64. doi: 10.1016/j.biortech.2007.05.040. Epub 2007 Jul 9.
Information about advances in immobilization techniques and biotechnology use of freshwater and marine microalgae is scattered. This work aims to bring together the main recent research about the topic. Passive and active immobilization techniques used on microalgae are listed and described in the text. Effect of immobilization on growth and metabolism of the cells is also reviewed. Current uses of immobilized microalgae include metabolite production, culture collection handling, obtaining of energy and removing of undesired or valuable substances from media (nutrients, metals and different pollutant agents). Applications of immobilized microalgae in environmental aquatic research have been recently increased: novel immobilization techniques as well as the use of living microalgae as biosensors in electronic devices designed to measure toxicity of substances and effluents demonstrated to be a very promising topic in biotechnology research. Recent research pointed out the advantages of mixed bacterial-algal co-immobilized systems in water treatment plants. Application of immobilized systems to the production of non-contaminant energy (as H(2) obtained from algal cultures) is also an important topic to be explored in the next years.
关于淡水和海洋微藻固定化技术及生物技术应用的进展信息较为分散。这项工作旨在汇集有关该主题的近期主要研究。文中列出并描述了用于微藻的被动和主动固定化技术。还综述了固定化对细胞生长和代谢的影响。固定化微藻目前的用途包括代谢产物生产、培养物收集处理、获取能量以及从培养基中去除不需要的或有价值的物质（营养物质、金属和不同的污染物）。固定化微藻在环境水生研究中的应用近来有所增加：新型固定化技术以及将活微藻用作电子设备中的生物传感器来测量物质和废水的毒性，这在生物技术研究中已证明是一个非常有前景的课题。近期研究指出了混合细菌 - 藻类共固定化系统在水处理厂中的优势。将固定化系统应用于生产无污染能源（如从藻类培养物中获得的氢气）也是未来几年有待探索的一个重要课题。
