Oya Akira, Kurane Ichiro
National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan.
J Travel Med. 2007 Jul-Aug;14(4):259-68. doi: 10.1111/j.1708-8305.2007.00134.x.
Japanese encephalitis (JE) is an inflammatory disease in the central nervous system caused by infection with Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV). JE is a disease with a high fatality rate and endemic and epidemic in East, Southeast, and South Asia. High morbidity is noted in children living in the endemic area. JEV is maintained mainly between vector mosquitoes and pigs in nature. The risk of JE increases as the number of vector mosquitoes increases. The expansion of JEV-endemic area depends on irrigated rice field and pig farming. These environments that are suitable for infectious cycle of JEV exist widely in Asia today. The effective and safe vaccine is available in endemic countries and for international travelers. JE vaccination is strongly recommended to those who visit the JEV-endemic regions, especially in the rainy season.
日本脑炎（JE）是一种由感染日本脑炎病毒（JEV）引起的中枢神经系统炎症性疾病。JE是一种病死率高的疾病，在东亚、东南亚和南亚流行且呈地方性发病。在流行地区生活的儿童发病率较高。在自然界中，JEV主要在媒介蚊子和猪之间传播。随着媒介蚊子数量的增加，感染JE的风险也会增加。JEV流行区域的扩大取决于灌溉稻田和养猪业。如今，这些适合JEV感染循环的环境在亚洲广泛存在。在流行国家和国际旅行者中都有有效且安全的疫苗可用。强烈建议前往JEV流行地区的人接种JE疫苗，尤其是在雨季。
