Kang Ki Sung, Yamabe Noriko, Kim Hyun Young, Okamoto Takuya, Sei Yasuo, Yokozawa Takako
Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama 930-0194, Japan.
J Ethnopharmacol. 2007 Sep 5;113(2):225-32. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2007.05.027. Epub 2007 Jun 2.
We previously reported the increase in free radical scavenging activities of Korean ginseng (KG, Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer) by heat processing. In the United States, American ginseng (AG, Panax quinquefolium L.) is a more commonly used herbal medicine than KG, but heat processing-induced chemical and activity changes of AG are not well known. Therefore, we compared the changes in ginsenosides, total phenolic contents, Maillard reaction product (MRP) levels, and several free radical scavenging activities of AG by heat processing. In addition, a short-term toxicity assessment in rats was also conducted for the identification of certain toxic effects of AG after heat processing. As a result, the ginsenosides were deglycosylated at carbon-20 and their total contents were lowered, but the total phenolic contents and MRP levels of AG were about 2.5 and 9.3 times increased, respectively, by heat processing. In addition, all free radical scavenging activities of AG were significantly increased by heat processing. Moreover, there were no toxic signs or decreases in renal and hepatic function parameters of rats administered heat-processed AG. Therefore, heat processing, as in KG, is a useful method to enhance the free radical scavenging activities of AG by the increases in total phenolic contents and MRP levels.
我们之前报道过，热处理会提高高丽参（KG，人参，Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer）的自由基清除活性。在美国，西洋参（AG，西洋参，Panax quinquefolium L.）是一种比高丽参更常用的草药，但热处理引起的西洋参化学和活性变化尚不清楚。因此，我们比较了热处理对西洋参人参皂苷、总酚含量、美拉德反应产物（MRP）水平以及几种自由基清除活性的影响。此外，还对大鼠进行了短期毒性评估，以确定热处理后西洋参的某些毒性作用。结果，人参皂苷在C-20位去糖基化，其总含量降低，但热处理使西洋参的总酚含量和MRP水平分别增加了约2.5倍和9.3倍。此外，热处理显著提高了西洋参的所有自由基清除活性。此外，给大鼠灌胃热处理后的西洋参，未观察到毒性迹象，大鼠的肾功能和肝功能参数也未降低。因此，与高丽参一样，热处理是一种通过提高总酚含量和MRP水平来增强西洋参自由基清除活性的有效方法。
