Ziebolz Dirk, Jäger Gesa C, Hornecker Else, Mausberg Rainer F
Department of Operative Dentistry, Preventative Dentistry and Periodontology, University of Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany.
J Contemp Dent Pract. 2007 Jul 1;8(5):43-50.
Before blood donation a medical check-up is mandatory to ascertain the health of the donor and to detect infections clinically. Although gingivitis and periodontitis are also bacterial infections, the oral cavity is only inspected superficially. The purpose of this study was to investigate the periodontal condition of blood donors and whether this affects the results of their blood tests.
A total of 192 blood donors were examined. The investigation included a periodontal examination to determine the Community Periodontal Index (CPI), an analysis of blood chemistry, as well as the determination of hematologic, coagulation, and immune parameters C-reactive protein (CRP), Neopterin, Procalcitonin (PCT), and tumor necrosis factor (TNF-a). Groups were formed according to periodontal status: "healthy" (n=47, mean age 24+/-4 years), "gingivitis" (n=65, mean age 24+/-4 years), and "periodontitis" (n=80, mean age 29+/-8 years). Most parameters of the routine blood test as well as the immune parameters were unremarkable with regard to the periodontal status. The values for SGPT, GGTP, uric acid, triglycerides, total protein (TP), RBC, hemoglobin (Hb) and hematocrit (HC), Eos, and Baso were also within the normal range. Nevertheless, statistical analysis showed some significant differences in these parameters between the "healthy" group and the "periodontitis" group (p=0.05).
The results of this study show some blood donors have infections of the gingiva and/or of other periodontal tissues. Whether this is a sufficient reason to exclude them from blood donation, or in which case potential donors should be excluded, is not yet known. Nevertheless, it seems reasonable to integrate a screening method for revealing at least severe periodontitis in the medical check-up of blood donors.
献血前必须进行医学检查，以确定献血者的健康状况并临床检测感染情况。尽管牙龈炎和牙周炎也是细菌感染，但口腔仅接受表面检查。本研究的目的是调查献血者的牙周状况及其是否会影响他们的血液检测结果。
共检查了192名献血者。调查包括牙周检查以确定社区牙周指数（CPI）、血液化学分析以及血液学、凝血和免疫参数C反应蛋白（CRP）、新蝶呤、降钙素原（PCT）和肿瘤坏死因子（TNF-α）的测定。根据牙周状况分组：“健康”组（n = 47，平均年龄24±4岁）、“牙龈炎”组（n = 65，平均年龄24±4岁）和“牙周炎”组（n = 80，平均年龄29±8岁）。常规血液检测的大多数参数以及免疫参数在牙周状况方面无明显异常。谷丙转氨酶（SGPT）、γ-谷氨酰转肽酶（GGTP）、尿酸、甘油三酯、总蛋白（TP）、红细胞（RBC）、血红蛋白（Hb）和血细胞比容（HC）、嗜酸性粒细胞（Eos）和嗜碱性粒细胞（Baso）的值也在正常范围内。然而，统计分析显示“健康”组和“牙周炎”组之间这些参数存在一些显著差异（p = 0.05）。
本研究结果表明，一些献血者存在牙龈和/或其他牙周组织感染。这是否足以成为将他们排除在献血之外的理由，或者在何种情况下应排除潜在献血者，目前尚不清楚。然而，在献血者的医学检查中纳入一种筛查方法以至少发现严重牙周炎似乎是合理的。
