Merle Cordula Leonie, Richter Lisa, Challakh Nadia, Haak Rainer, Schmalz Gerhard, Needleman Ian, Rüdrich Peter, Wolfarth Bernd, Ziebolz Dirk, Wüstenfeld Jan
Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, UKR University Hospital Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany.
Department of Cariology, Endodontology and Periodontology, University of Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany.
J Clin Med. 2022 Aug 31;11(17):5161. doi: 10.3390/jcm11175161.
This retrospective cross-sectional study aimed to explore interactions between signs of periodontal inflammation and systemic parameters in athletes. Members of German squads with available data on sports medical and oral examination were included. Groups were divided by gingival inflammation (median of papillary bleeding index, PBI ≥ median) and signs of periodontitis (Periodontal Screening Index, PSI ≥ 3). Age, gender, anthropometry, blood parameters, echocardiography, sports performance on ergometer, and maximal aerobic capacity (VO2max) were evaluated. Eighty-five athletes (f = 51%, 20.6 ± 3.5 years) were included (PBI < 0.42: 45%; PSI ≥ 3: 38%). Most associations were not statistically significant. Significant group differences were found for body fat percentage and body mass index. All blood parameters were in reference ranges. Minor differences in hematocrit, hemoglobin, basophils, erythrocyte sedimentation rates, urea, and HDL cholesterol were found for PBI, in uric acid for PSI. Echocardiographic parameters (n = 40) did not show any associations. Athletes with PSI ≥ 3 had lower VO2max values (55.9 ± 6.7 mL/min/kg vs. 59.3 ± 7.0 mL/min/kg; p = 0.03). In exercise tests (n = 30), athletes with PBI < 0.42 achieved higher relative maximal load on the cycling ergometer (5.0 ± 0.5 W/kg vs. 4.4 ± 0.3 W/kg; p = 0.03). Despite the limitations of this study, potential associations between signs of periodontal inflammation and body composition, blood parameters, and performance were identified. Further studies on the systemic impact of oral inflammation in athletes, especially regarding performance, are necessary.
这项回顾性横断面研究旨在探讨运动员牙周炎症体征与全身参数之间的相互作用。纳入了有运动医学和口腔检查可用数据的德国运动队成员。根据牙龈炎症（龈乳头出血指数中位数，PBI≥中位数）和牙周炎体征（牙周筛查指数，PSI≥3）进行分组。评估了年龄、性别、人体测量学、血液参数、超声心动图、测力计运动表现和最大有氧能力（VO2max）。纳入了85名运动员（女性占51%，年龄20.6±3.5岁）（PBI<0.42：45%；PSI≥3：38%）。大多数关联无统计学意义。在体脂百分比和体重指数方面发现了显著的组间差异。所有血液参数均在参考范围内。PBI组在血细胞比容、血红蛋白、嗜碱性粒细胞、红细胞沉降率、尿素和高密度脂蛋白胆固醇方面有微小差异，PSI组在尿酸方面有差异。超声心动图参数（n = 40）未显示任何关联。PSI≥3的运动员VO2max值较低（55.9±6.7 mL/min/kg对59.3±7.0 mL/min/kg；p = 0.03）。在运动测试中（n = 30），PBI<0.42的运动员在自行车测力计上达到的相对最大负荷更高（5.0±0.5 W/kg对4.4±0.3 W/kg；p = 0.03）。尽管本研究存在局限性，但仍确定了牙周炎症体征与身体成分、血液参数及运动表现之间的潜在关联。有必要进一步研究口腔炎症对运动员的全身影响，尤其是对运动表现的影响。
