Ngondi Jeremiah, Matthews Fiona, Reacher Mark, Onsarigo Alice, Matende Ibrahim, Baba Samson, Brayne Carol, Zingeser James, Emerson Paul
Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Institute of Public Health, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2007 Jul;77(1):126-32.
We aimed to investigate prevalence of potential risk factors, and associations between risk factors and active trachoma in southern Sudan. Surveys were undertaken in ten sites and children aged 1-9 years examined for trachoma. Risk factors were assessed through interviews and observations. Using ordinal logistic regression, associations between severity of active trachoma and risk factors were explored. Trachomatous inflammation-intense (TI) was considered more severe than trachomatous inflammation-follicular (TF). A total of 7,418 children were included in the analysis. Risk factors and prevalences were unclean face, 52.3%; face washed less than twice daily, 50.8%; water collection > 30 minutes, 38.1%; absence of latrines, 95.4%; garbage disposal within 20 m, 74.4%; cattle ownership, 69.2%; and flies, 83.3%. After adjusting for age and sex, unclean face, less frequent face washing, cattle ownership, and increasing fly density were found to be independently associated with severity of active trachoma. Our study suggests that facial hygiene and environmental sanitation are priority trachoma-control interventions in southern Sudan.
我们旨在调查苏丹南部潜在风险因素的流行情况，以及风险因素与活动性沙眼之间的关联。在10个地点开展了调查，并对1至9岁的儿童进行了沙眼检查。通过访谈和观察对风险因素进行评估。使用有序逻辑回归分析，探讨活动性沙眼严重程度与风险因素之间的关联。重度沙眼性炎症（TI）被认为比滤泡性沙眼性炎症（TF）更为严重。共有7418名儿童纳入分析。风险因素及流行率分别为：面部不清洁52.3%；每天洗脸少于两次50.8%；取水时间>30分钟38.1%；无厕所95.4%；垃圾在20米内处理74.4%；养牛69.2%；有苍蝇83.3%。在对年龄和性别进行校正后，发现面部不清洁、洗脸频率较低、养牛以及苍蝇密度增加与活动性沙眼的严重程度独立相关。我们的研究表明，面部卫生和环境卫生是苏丹南部沙眼控制的优先干预措施。
