Khan N C, Mai L B, Minh N D, Do T T, Khoi H H, West C E, Hautvast J G A J
National Institute of Nutrition, Hanoi, Vietnam.
Eur J Clin Nutr. 2008 Jun;62(6):810-6. doi: 10.1038/sj.ejcn.1602782. Epub 2007 Jul 11.
To describe the household intakes of retinol and carotenoids and social economic factors determining their intakes.
Data on a total of 1001 households (771 in rural areas and 230 in urban areas) were used in the analyses. Interviewed person was household food preparer.
Mean (s.d.) intake of carotenoids was 4178 (3154) microg/capita/day in rural and 4208 (3408) microg/capita/day in urban areas and intake of retinol was 101 (275) microg/capita/day in rural and 201 (470) microg/capita/day in urban areas. Multivariate analyses show that the subjects in households with four or more members consume about 700 microg carotenoids less compared to households with less than three members. Households with a higher expenditure (fourth quartile) consumed about 100 microg retinol/day more than those with a lower expenditure (first quartile).
Carotenoids from plant food sources is the main source of vitamin A intake of the population and its main determinants are household expenditure and size of household. Food fortification and dietary diversification with special emphasis on promotion of consumption of animal foods should be key strategies for overcoming vitamin A deficiency in Vietnam.
描述视黄醇和类胡萝卜素的家庭摄入量以及决定其摄入量的社会经济因素。
分析中使用了总共1001户家庭（农村地区771户，城市地区230户）的数据。被访谈者为家庭食物制备者。
农村地区类胡萝卜素的平均（标准差）摄入量为4178（3154）微克/人均/天，城市地区为4208（3408）微克/人均/天；视黄醇的摄入量农村地区为101（275）微克/人均/天，城市地区为201（470）微克/人均/天。多变量分析显示，与成员少于三人的家庭相比，成员为四人或更多人的家庭中的受试者类胡萝卜素摄入量约少700微克。支出较高（第四四分位数）的家庭比支出较低（第一四分位数）的家庭视黄醇摄入量每天多约100微克。
来自植物性食物来源的类胡萝卜素是人群维生素A摄入的主要来源，其主要决定因素是家庭支出和家庭规模。食物强化和饮食多样化，特别强调促进动物性食物的消费，应是越南克服维生素A缺乏的关键策略。
