Krueger Robert F, Skodol Andrew E, Livesley W John, Shrout Patrick E, Huang Yueqin
University of Minnesota, Twin Cities, MN, USA.
Int J Methods Psychiatr Res. 2007;16 Suppl 1(Suppl 1):S65-73. doi: 10.1002/mpr.212.
Personality disorder researchers have long considered the utility of dimensional approaches to diagnosis, signaling the need to consider a dimensional approach for personality disorders in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-V). Nevertheless, a dimensional approach to personality disorders in DSM-V is more likely to succeed if it represents an orderly and logical progression from the categorical system in DSM-IV. With these considerations and opportunities in mind, the authors sought to delineate ways of synthesizing categorical and dimensional approaches to personality disorders that could inform the construction of DSM-V. This discussion resulted in (1) the idea of having a set of core descriptive elements of personality for DSM-V, (2) an approach to rating those elements for specific patients, (3) a way of combining those elements into personality disorder prototypes, and (4) a revised conception of personality disorder as a construct separate from personality traits.
长期以来，人格障碍研究者一直在考虑采用维度法进行诊断的实用性，这表明在《精神疾病诊断与统计手册》第五版（DSM - V）中需要考虑对人格障碍采用维度法。然而，如果DSM - V中对人格障碍的维度法能够体现出从DSM - IV的分类系统有序且逻辑连贯地发展而来，那么它更有可能取得成功。考虑到这些因素和机遇，作者们试图勾勒出综合人格障碍分类法和维度法的方式，以便为DSM - V的制定提供参考。此次讨论产生了以下成果：（1）为DSM - V设定一套人格核心描述要素的想法；（2）针对特定患者对这些要素进行评分的方法；（3）将这些要素组合成人格障碍原型的方式；（4）将人格障碍视为一种与人格特质相分离的结构的修订概念。
