1 Center of Excellence on Personality Disorder, Psychiatric Research Unit, Psychiatric Hospital Slagelse, Slagelse, Denmark.
2 Department of Psychology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.
Aust N Z J Psychiatry. 2018 May;52(5):425-434. doi: 10.1177/0004867417727867. Epub 2017 Aug 23.
The five personality disorder trait domains in the proposed International Classification of Diseases, 11th edition and the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th edition are comparable in terms of Negative Affectivity, Detachment, Antagonism/Dissociality and Disinhibition. However, the International Classification of Diseases, 11th edition model includes a separate domain of Anankastia, whereas the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th edition model includes an additional domain of Psychoticism. This study examined associations of International Classification of Diseases, 11th edition and Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th edition trait domains, simultaneously, with categorical personality disorders.
Psychiatric outpatients ( N = 226) were administered the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis II Personality Disorders Interview and the Personality Inventory for DSM-5. International Classification of Diseases, 11th edition and Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th edition trait domain scores were obtained using pertinent scoring algorithms for the Personality Inventory for DSM-5. Associations between categorical personality disorders and trait domains were examined using correlation and multiple regression analyses.
Both the International Classification of Diseases, 11th edition and the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th edition domain models showed relevant continuity with categorical personality disorders and captured a substantial amount of their information. As expected, the International Classification of Diseases, 11th edition model was superior in capturing obsessive-compulsive personality disorder, whereas the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th edition model was superior in capturing schizotypal personality disorder.
These preliminary findings suggest that little information is 'lost' in a transition to trait domain models and potentially adds to narrowing the gap between Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th edition and the proposed International Classification of Diseases, 11th edition model. Accordingly, the International Classification of Diseases, 11th edition and Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th edition domain models may be used to delineate one another as well as features of familiar categorical personality disorder types. A preliminary category-to-domain 'cross walk' is provided in the article.
在《国际疾病分类》第 11 版和《精神疾病诊断与统计手册》第 5 版中，五个人格障碍特质领域在负性情绪、超脱、敌对/反社会和冲动性方面是可比的。然而，《国际疾病分类》第 11 版模型包括一个单独的强迫型人格障碍领域，而《精神疾病诊断与统计手册》第 5 版模型包括一个额外的精神病态领域。本研究同时考察了《国际疾病分类》第 11 版和《精神疾病诊断与统计手册》第 5 版特质领域与人格障碍的类别之间的关联。
对 226 名精神科门诊患者进行了《精神障碍诊断与统计手册》第 4 版轴 II 人格障碍定式临床访谈和《人格障碍诊断问卷》的评估。使用《人格障碍诊断问卷》的相关评分算法获得《国际疾病分类》第 11 版和《精神疾病诊断与统计手册》第 5 版特质领域的评分。使用相关和多元回归分析考察了人格障碍的类别与特质领域之间的关系。
《国际疾病分类》第 11 版和《精神疾病诊断与统计手册》第 5 版的模型都与人格障碍的类别有相关的连续性，并捕捉到了它们的大量信息。正如预期的那样，《国际疾病分类》第 11 版模型在捕捉强迫症人格障碍方面更优，而《精神疾病诊断与统计手册》第 5 版模型在捕捉分裂样人格障碍方面更优。
这些初步发现表明，在向特质领域模型的转变中几乎没有信息“丢失”，并有可能缩小《精神疾病诊断与统计手册》第 5 版和《国际疾病分类》第 11 版模型之间的差距。因此，《国际疾病分类》第 11 版和《精神疾病诊断与统计手册》第 5 版的特质领域模型可以用来描绘彼此以及熟悉的人格障碍类型的特征。文章提供了一个初步的类别到领域的“转换”。
