Sykes L M
Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Box D15, University of Limpopo 0204.
SADJ. 2007 Mar;62(2):066-71.
Dentine hypersensitivity (DH) is defined as pain arising from exposed dentine and represents a distinct clinical entity. Reported cases are increasing particularly among the younger age groups and are thought to be due to acidogenic diets, destructive habits, poor tooth brushing techniques, and the increased use of tooth whitening products. Dentine exposure may be due to a number of processes, both physical and chemical, that lead to either loss of enamel/ cementum or loss of gingival tissue. These causative factors seldom act in isolation and include erosion, abrasion, attrition, abfraction, bruxing, bleaching, medication, ageing, genetic conditions, gingival recession, and periodontal disease or procedures. There are diverse range of treatment products available, which aim at either occluding the dentinal tubules or blocking the neural transmission from the pulp. Most reversible options make use of chemical agents such as fluorides, oxalate, strontium or potassium salts, or dentine-bonding agents. Non-reversible options should only be employed after one or more of the reversible options have been attempted. These usually involve placement of permanent restorations, occlusal adjustments or periodontal flap surgery. Careful diagnosis, patient counseling and management strategies are crucial to the success of any intervention.
牙本质过敏症（DH）被定义为因暴露的牙本质引发的疼痛，是一种独特的临床病症。报告的病例数量在增加，尤其是在较年轻的年龄组中，这被认为是由于产酸饮食、不良习惯、不正确的刷牙方法以及牙齿美白产品使用增加所致。牙本质暴露可能是由于多种物理和化学过程导致釉质/牙骨质丧失或牙龈组织丧失。这些致病因素很少单独起作用，包括侵蚀、磨损、磨耗、牙体楔状缺损、磨牙症、漂白、药物治疗、衰老、遗传状况、牙龈退缩以及牙周疾病或治疗操作。有多种治疗产品可供选择，其目的要么是封闭牙本质小管，要么是阻断来自牙髓的神经传导。大多数可逆性治疗方法使用化学制剂，如氟化物、草酸盐、锶盐或钾盐，或牙本质粘结剂。只有在尝试了一种或多种可逆性治疗方法之后，才应采用不可逆性治疗方法。这些通常包括放置永久性修复体、咬合调整或牙周瓣手术。仔细的诊断、患者咨询和管理策略对于任何干预措施的成功至关重要。
