Cucchi Franco, Franceschini Giuliana, Zini Luca, Aurighi Marina
Department of Geological, Environmental and Marine Sciences, University of Trieste, Via E. Weiss 2, 34100 Trieste, Italy.
J Environ Manage. 2008 Sep;88(4):984-94. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2007.05.007. Epub 2007 Jul 12.
Maps illustrating the different degrees of vulnerability within a given area are integral to environmental protection and management policies. The assessment of the intrinsic vulnerability of karst areas is difficult since the type and stage of karst development and the related underground discharge behavior are difficult to determine and quantify. Geographic Information Systems techniques are applied to the evaluation of the vulnerability of an aquifer in the alpine karst area of the Sette Comuni Plateau, in the Veneto Region of northern Italy. The water resources of the studied aquifer are of particular importance to the local communities. This aquifer must therefore be protected from both inappropriate use as well as possible pollution. The SINTACS and SINTACS P(RO) K(ARST) vulnerability assessment methods have been utilized here to create the vulnerability map. SINTACS P(RO) K(ARST) is an adaptation of the parametric managerial model (SINTACS) to karst hydrostructures. The vulnerability map reveals vast zones (81% of the analyzed areas) with a high degree of vulnerability. The presence of well-developed karst structures in these highly vulnerable areas facilitate water percolation, thereby enhancing the groundwater vulnerability risk. Only 1.5 of the studied aquifer have extremely high-vulnerability levels, however these areas include all of the major springs utilized for human consumption. This vulnerability map of the Sette Comuni Plateau aquifer is an indispensable tool for both the effective management of water resources and as support to environmental planning in the Sette Comuni Plateau area.
描绘给定区域内不同脆弱程度的地图对于环境保护和管理政策至关重要。岩溶地区内在脆弱性的评估很困难，因为岩溶发育的类型和阶段以及相关的地下径流行为难以确定和量化。地理信息系统技术被应用于评估意大利北部威尼托地区塞特科穆尼高原高寒岩溶地区一个含水层的脆弱性。所研究含水层的水资源对当地社区尤为重要。因此，必须保护该含水层免受不当使用和可能的污染。这里采用了SINTACS和SINTACS P(RO) K(ARST)脆弱性评估方法来绘制脆弱性地图。SINTACS P(RO) K(ARST)是参数管理模型（SINTACS）针对岩溶水文结构的一种改编。脆弱性地图显示出大片高脆弱度区域（占分析区域的81%）。这些高脆弱度区域中发育良好的岩溶结构有利于水的渗透，从而增加了地下水的脆弱性风险。在所研究的含水层中，只有1.5%的区域具有极高的脆弱性水平，然而这些区域包括了所有供人类饮用的主要泉眼。塞特科穆尼高原含水层的这一脆弱性地图对于有效管理水资源以及支持塞特科穆尼高原地区的环境规划而言都是不可或缺的工具。
