Kaić-Rak Antoinette, Pucarin-Cvetković Jasna, Kulier Ignac
Ured SZO u Hrvatskoj, Skola narodnog zdravlja Andrija Stampar Medicinskog fakulteta Sveucilista u Zagrebu, Hrvatska.
Acta Med Croatica. 2007 Jun;61(3):259-65.
To examine dietary habits and to determine the presence of possible regional differences in Croatia.
Survey was performed during 2003 by means of modified food frequency questionnaire. Survey included randomly selected 9070 adult examinees at the age of 18 and above in the whole Croatia. The SPSS program using weighted database was used for statistical analysis.
Obtained data indicate existing significant differences in dietary habits at county and regional level in nutrition of the Croatian population. There is a tendency toward grouping as much unhealthy dietary habits as healthy by certain counties, respectively regions. Population of the Eastern and Northern regions (except of the Medjimurska County) living in the counties of Vukovarsko-srijemska, Koprivnicko-krizevacka, Pozesko-slavonska and Viroviticko-podravska in comparison to population of other counties, respectively regions, significantly more often use animal fats, add salt to foods, consume less fruit and vegetables, eat more cakes, sweets and cured meat products. The observed characteristics are considered risk factors for development of cardiovascular diseases and other chronic non-communicable diseases. Population of the Southern and Western regions, in the counties of Primorsko-goranska, Istarska, Zadarska, Dubrovacko-neretvanska, but also in Medjimurska County, significantly more often use vegetable oils; they also on daily basis consume more often fruit and vegetables, less frequent or rarely add salt and consume sweets and cakes. Differences are also observed in dietary habits between genders, but also within the same sex in certain counties.
Indicators of the present nutrition of the population show regional dietary differences. It is important to point out a need for broader education of general public regarding the impact of diet on health, principles of healthy nutrition, and promotion of comparative advantages of the Mediterranean diet as a prototype of healthy nutrition.
研究克罗地亚的饮食习惯，并确定是否存在可能的地区差异。
2003年采用改良的食物频率问卷进行调查。调查随机选取了克罗地亚全国9070名18岁及以上的成年受检者。使用加权数据库的SPSS程序进行统计分析。
所得数据表明，克罗地亚人口营养方面的饮食习惯在县和地区层面存在显著差异。某些县和地区分别存在将不健康饮食习惯与健康饮食习惯归为一类的趋势。与其他县和地区的人口相比，东部和北部地区（除梅吉穆尔县外），即武科瓦尔-斯拉沃尼亚县、科普里夫尼察-克里热瓦茨卡县、波热斯卡-斯拉沃尼亚县和维罗维蒂察-波德拉夫斯卡县的居民，更常食用动物脂肪、在食物中加盐、较少食用水果和蔬菜、食用更多蛋糕、糖果和腌制肉制品。这些观察到的特征被认为是心血管疾病和其他慢性非传染性疾病发展的危险因素。南部和西部地区，即滨海和戈尔什科县、伊斯特拉县、扎达尔县、杜布罗夫尼克-内雷特瓦县，以及梅吉穆尔县的居民，更常使用植物油；他们每天也更常食用水果和蔬菜，较少或很少加盐，且较少食用糖果和蛋糕。不同性别之间以及某些县内同一性别之间的饮食习惯也存在差异。
目前人群营养指标显示出地区饮食差异。必须指出，有必要对公众进行更广泛的教育，使其了解饮食对健康的影响、健康营养原则，并推广地中海饮食作为健康营养典范的相对优势。
