Camara B, Faye P-M, Diouf S, Gueye-Diagne N-R, Diagne I, Cissé M-F, Ba M, Sow H-D, Kuakuvi N
Hôpital d'Enfants Albert-Royer de Fann Dakar, CHU de Fann, avenue Cheikh-Anta-Diop, BP 11265 Dakar, Sénégal.
Med Mal Infect. 2007 Nov;37(11):753-7. doi: 10.1016/j.medmal.2007.03.002. Epub 2007 Jul 16.
This study had for aim to determine the etiology of Haemophilus b pediatric meningitis.
A retrospective study of 216 biologically confirmed cases was carried out during 6 years (January 1995- December 2000) on children 0 to 15 years of age, hospitalized at the Albert Royer Children Hospital Center.
Haemophilus influenzae b is the first cause of pediatric meningitis (19.7%) followed by Nesseria meningitidis (14.5%), and Streptococcus pneumoniae (13.6%). The Haemophilus influenzae b meningitis cases are distributed all year round with a peak between January and March, that is to say, during the dry and cool season. They affect children at an average age of 11.7 months, with a sex ratio of 1.1 for boys. Almost all of the patients live in the low-socio-economic areas of the Dakar suburbs (92.8%). More than 90% of the H. influenzae b isolates are sensitive to ceftriaxone (96%) chloramphenicol (93%), and to ampicillin (91%). Clinical evolution is marked by death (17.8%) and recovery with psychological, sensory, and motor sequels (19.9%).
This report should help to include the combined vaccine Antihaemophilus influenzae b in the Senegalese Broad Vaccination Program. The final aim is the reduction of morbidity and mortality of infections due to Haemophilus influenzae b.
本研究旨在确定小儿b型流感嗜血杆菌脑膜炎的病因。
对1995年1月至2000年12月6年间在阿尔贝·罗耶儿童医院中心住院的216例经生物学确诊的0至15岁儿童病例进行回顾性研究。
b型流感嗜血杆菌是小儿脑膜炎的首要病因（19.7%），其次是脑膜炎奈瑟菌（14.5%）和肺炎链球菌（13.6%）。b型流感嗜血杆菌脑膜炎病例全年均有发生，1月至3月为发病高峰，即干冷季节。这些病例的患儿平均年龄为11.7个月，男女比例为1.1。几乎所有患者都生活在达喀尔郊区社会经济水平较低的地区（92.8%）。超过90%的b型流感嗜血杆菌分离株对头孢曲松（96%）、氯霉素（93%）和氨苄西林（91%）敏感。临床转归以死亡（17.8%）以及伴有心理、感觉和运动后遗症的康复（19.9%）为特征。
本报告应有助于将b型流感嗜血杆菌联合疫苗纳入塞内加尔扩大免疫规划。最终目标是降低b型流感嗜血杆菌感染的发病率和死亡率。
