Kalpouzos Grégoria, Chételat Gaël, Baron Jean-Claude, Landeau Brigitte, Mevel Katell, Godeau Christine, Barré Louisa, Constans Jean-Marc, Viader Fausto, Eustache Francis, Desgranges Béatrice
Inserm-EPHE-Université de Caen/Basse-Normandie, Unité de Recherche E0218, GIP Cyceron, Caen, France.
Neurobiol Aging. 2009 Jan;30(1):112-24. doi: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2007.05.019. Epub 2007 Jul 13.
With age, the brain undergoes both structural and functional alterations, probably resulting in reported cognitive declines. Relatively few investigations have sought to identify those areas that remain intact with aging, or undergo the least deterioration, which might underlie cognitive preservations. Our aim here was to establish a comprehensive profile of both structural and functional changes in the aging brain, using up-to-date voxel-based methodology (i.e. optimized voxel-based morphometry (VBM) procedure; resting-state (18)FDG-PET with correction for partial volume effects (PVE)) in 45 optimally healthy subjects aged 20-83 years. Negative and positive correlations between age and both gray matter (GM) volume and (18)FDG uptake were assessed. The frontal cortex manifested the greatest deterioration, both structurally and functionally, whereas the anterior hippocampus, the thalamus and (functionally) the posterior cingulate cortex were the least affected. Our results support the developmental theory which postulates that the first regions to emerge phylogenetically and ontogenetically are the most resistant to age effects, and the last ones the most vulnerable. Furthermore, the lesser affected anterior hippocampal region, together with the lesser functional alteration of the posterior cingulate cortex, appear to mark the parting of the ways between normal aging and Alzheimer's disease, which is characterized by early and prominent deterioration of both structures.
随着年龄增长，大脑会发生结构和功能上的改变，这可能导致认知能力下降的报道。相对较少的研究试图确定那些随着年龄增长仍保持完整或退化最少的区域，这些区域可能是认知保持的基础。我们的目的是利用最新的基于体素的方法（即优化的基于体素的形态计量学（VBM）程序；校正部分容积效应（PVE）的静息态（18）FDG-PET），对45名年龄在20至83岁之间的最佳健康受试者建立衰老大脑结构和功能变化的综合概况。评估了年龄与灰质（GM）体积和（18）FDG摄取之间的负相关和正相关。额叶皮质在结构和功能上表现出最大程度的退化，而前海马体、丘脑以及（在功能上）后扣带回皮质受影响最小。我们的结果支持发育理论，该理论假设在系统发生和个体发生中最早出现的区域对年龄影响最具抵抗力，而最后出现的区域最易受影响。此外，受影响较小的前海马体区域，连同后扣带回皮质较小的功能改变，似乎标志着正常衰老与阿尔茨海默病之间的分道扬镳，阿尔茨海默病的特征是这两种结构早期且显著的退化。
