Mollica Richard F, Caridad Kathleen Rey, Massagli Michael P
Harvard Program in Refugee Trauma, Massachusetts General Hospital, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA.
J Nerv Ment Dis. 2007 Jul;195(7):572-9. doi: 10.1097/NMD.0b013e318093ed2c.
This longitudinal study examined traumatic memory consistency over a 3-year period among a sample of highly traumatized Bosnian refugees, focusing on demographic factors, types of trauma, and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and depression. In 1996 and 1999, 376 Bosnian refugees were interviewed about 54 wartime trauma and torture events, and symptoms of PTSD and depression. Reports were compared for both time periods, and changed responses were analyzed for significance. Overall, there was consistency in reporting over time; when change occurred it was in the direction of decreased reports at follow-up. This downward trend was not associated with any particular diagnosis. However, PTSD alone, without comorbid symptoms of depression, was uniquely associated with the group that exhibited an upward trend. This implies that increased reporting is related specifically to the presence of PTSD symptoms, and that PTSD may be distinctly associated with the failed extinction of traumatic memories.
这项纵向研究在为期3年的时间里，对一批受过严重创伤的波斯尼亚难民样本的创伤记忆一致性进行了考察，重点关注人口统计学因素、创伤类型、创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）和抑郁症。1996年和1999年，对376名波斯尼亚难民就54起战时创伤和酷刑事件以及PTSD和抑郁症症状进行了访谈。对两个时间段的报告进行了比较，并对有变化的回答进行了显著性分析。总体而言，随着时间推移报告具有一致性；当出现变化时，变化方向是随访时报告减少。这种下降趋势与任何特定诊断均无关联。然而，仅患有PTSD而无抑郁症共病症状的情况，与呈现上升趋势的群体存在独特关联。这意味着报告增加具体与PTSD症状的存在有关，并且PTSD可能与创伤记忆消退失败明显相关。
