Nazina T N, Grigor'ian A A, Feng Ts, Shestakova N M, Babich T L, Pavlova N K, Ivoĭlov V S, Ni F, Wang J, She Y, Xiang T, Mei B, Luo Z, Beliaev S S, Ivanov M V
Mikrobiologiia. 2007 May-Jun;76(3):340-53.
Microbiological technology for the enhancement of oil recovery based on the activation of the stratal microflora was tested in the high-temperature horizons of the Kongdian bed (60 degrees C) of the Dagang oil field (China). This biotechnology consists in the pumping of a water-air mixture and nitrogen and phosphorus mineral salts into the oil stratum through injection wells in order to stimulate the activity of the stratal microflora which produce oil-releasing metabolites. Monitoring of the physicochemical, microbiological, and production characteristics of the test site has revealed large changes in the ecosystem as a result of the application of biotechnology. The cell numbers of thermophilic hydrocarbon-oxidizing, fermentative, sulfate-reducing, and methanogenic microorganisms increased 10-10 000-fold. The rates of methanogenesis and sulfate reduction increased in the near-bottom zone of the injection wells and of some production wells. The microbial oil transformation was accompanied by the accumulation of bicarbonate ions, volatile fatty acids, and biosurfactants in the formation waters, as well as of CH4 and CO2 both in the gas phase and in the oil. Microbial metabolites promoted the additional recovery of oil. As a result of the application of biotechnology, the water content in the production liquid from the test site decreased, and the oil content increased. This allowed the recovery of more than 14000 tons of additional oil over 3.5 years.
基于激活地层微生物群提高原油采收率的微生物技术在中国大港油田孔店组高温层（60摄氏度）进行了测试。这种生物技术包括通过注入井向油层注入水 - 空气混合物以及氮磷矿物盐，以刺激产生释放石油代谢物的地层微生物群的活性。对试验区的物理化学、微生物和生产特性的监测表明，生物技术的应用导致生态系统发生了巨大变化。嗜热烃氧化菌、发酵菌、硫酸盐还原菌和产甲烷菌的细胞数量增加了10到10000倍。注入井和一些生产井的近井底区域甲烷生成和硫酸盐还原速率增加。微生物对油的转化伴随着地层水中碳酸氢根离子、挥发性脂肪酸和生物表面活性剂的积累，以及气相和油相中CH4和CO2的积累。微生物代谢产物促进了额外的原油采收。生物技术的应用使得试验区产出液中的含水量降低，含油量增加。这使得在3.5年的时间里额外采收了超过14000吨原油。
