Köhler M, Barolin G S
Ludwig-Boltzmann-Institut für Neuro-Rehabilitation und -Prophylaxe, Landes-Nervenkrankenhauses Valduna, Rankweil.
Wien Med Wochenschr. 1991;141(20):462-76.
Organic psychosyndromes may be classified 1) by the state of vigilance (agitated or reduced), 2) by the progress in time (episodic versus progressive), 3) by the presence or absence of brain-local or vegetative accompanying phenomena, 4) by etiology. The most frequent forms are: multi-infarct-dementia and primary degenerative dementia of Alzheimer's type. We must be aware that this didactic differential diagnosis in reality mostly shows overlapping criteria. Either more to the one side or more to the other. Etiological therapy (as well "vasoactive" as "nootropic") should in most cases be combined with therapy of underlying internistic (cardiac for example) and accompanying (infection for example) symptoms. Depression as a special frequent dimension needs special attention. Furthermore there are complex therapeutic possibilities in the social, recreative, psychologic, rehabilitative, psychotherapeutic etc. field. Relatives need to be treated concommitantly. Only thus scientific as well as human implications for rehabilitation can meet.
1）根据警觉状态（激动或减退）；2）根据时间进程（发作性与进行性）；3）根据是否存在脑局部或植物神经伴随现象；4）根据病因。最常见的类型是：多发梗死性痴呆和阿尔茨海默型原发性退行性痴呆。我们必须意识到，这种教学性的鉴别诊断在现实中大多显示出标准重叠。要么偏向这一边多些，要么偏向另一边多些。在大多数情况下，病因治疗（包括“血管活性”和“促智”治疗）应与基础内科疾病（如心脏疾病）及伴随症状（如感染）的治疗相结合。抑郁症作为一个特别常见的方面需要特别关注。此外，在社会、娱乐、心理、康复、心理治疗等领域还有复杂的治疗可能性。亲属也需要同时接受治疗。只有这样，康复的科学及人文意义才能实现。
