Pérez-Edgar Koraly, Fox Nathan A
Department of Psychology, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, USA.
Brain Cogn. 2007 Oct;65(1):22-35. doi: 10.1016/j.bandc.2006.10.010. Epub 2007 Jul 16.
Seven-year-old children (N=65) participating in a study of the influence of infant temperament on socioemotional development performed an auditory selective attention task involving words that varied in both affective (positive vs. negative) and social (social vs. nonsocial) content. Parent report of contemporaneous child temperament was also collected, and individual differences in self-regulation in the affective (soothability) and cognitive (attentional control) domains were noted. Overall, children showed slower responses to stimuli that were either social or negative in content, with the largest effect elicited by words that possessed both traits. Children rated high in soothability and attentional control showed slower responses to social negative words. The other children showed little to no differential response patterns across the word categories. ERPs collected during the task indicated that processing differences were evident in the later more cognitive components of the ERP, especially in children low in attentional control. These findings indicate that performance on an auditory selective attention task can assist in identifying underlying patterns of affective processing.
65名7岁儿童参与了一项关于婴儿气质对社会情感发展影响的研究，他们完成了一项听觉选择性注意任务，该任务涉及情感（积极与消极）和社会（社会与非社会）内容均不同的单词。同时还收集了家长对孩子当前气质的报告，并记录了情感（安抚性）和认知（注意力控制）领域自我调节的个体差异。总体而言，儿童对社会或消极内容的刺激反应较慢，兼具这两种特质的单词引发的效应最大。在安抚性和注意力控制方面得分较高的儿童对社会消极词汇的反应较慢。其他儿童在不同单词类别上几乎没有差异反应模式。任务期间收集的脑电图显示，在脑电图后期更多的认知成分中，处理差异很明显，尤其是在注意力控制能力较低的儿童中。这些发现表明，听觉选择性注意任务的表现有助于识别情感处理的潜在模式。
