Louis Gwendolyn W, Myers Martin G
Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, 5560 MSRB II/0678, 1150 W. Medical Center Dr., Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
Rev Endocr Metab Disord. 2007 Jun;8(2):85-94. doi: 10.1007/s11154-007-9043-3.
Leptin, a hormone produced by adipocytes in proportion to fat stores, signals the sufficiency of energy reserves to the brain to control feeding and metabolism. Leptin represents a vital link between metabolic and neuroendocrine pathways, and adequate circulating leptin levels are required to permit the expenditure of energy on reproduction, growth, and other energy-intensive endocrine outputs. Leptin mediates its effects by acting upon a distributed network of CNS neurons that express the signaling form of the leptin receptor (LRb). Nutritional status early in development influences a lifelong metabolic program that modulates risk for diabetes, obesity and other elements of the metabolic syndrome. Recent evidence has demonstrated a number of important roles for leptin in the regulation of neural development and metabolic programming. In this review, we discuss leptin action, the neural circuits on which leptin acts, and our nascent understanding of how early leptin exposure may influence neural development and the predisposition to metabolic diseases.
瘦素是一种由脂肪细胞根据脂肪储存量按比例产生的激素，它向大脑传递能量储备充足的信号，以控制进食和新陈代谢。瘦素是代谢途径和神经内分泌途径之间的重要纽带，需要足够的循环瘦素水平才能将能量用于生殖、生长和其他能量密集型内分泌输出。瘦素通过作用于表达瘦素受体（LRb）信号形式的中枢神经系统神经元分布网络来介导其作用。发育早期的营养状况会影响一个终身的代谢程序，该程序会调节患糖尿病、肥胖症和代谢综合征其他要素的风险。最近的证据表明，瘦素在神经发育和代谢编程的调节中具有许多重要作用。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了瘦素的作用、瘦素作用的神经回路，以及我们对早期接触瘦素如何影响神经发育和代谢疾病易感性的初步理解。
