Davies Michael J
Research Centre for Reproductive Health, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, 5005.
Reprod Biomed Online. 2006 May;12(5):552-61. doi: 10.1016/s1472-6483(10)61180-7.
Body weight, and its constituent components of fat mass and lean tissue, plays an important role modulating reproductive development and functioning. Body weight influences the timing of menarche and the capacity to achieve a pregnancy. The nature of this relationship appears to be some variant on a 'U' shape. Extremes in body weight are associated with infertility and a range of adverse outcomes for both mother and baby across the course of pregnancy and perinatal period. Whereas underweight is associated with poor fetal growth and elevated pregnancy loss, overweight is more strongly associated with diseases in pregnancy, pregnancy loss and stillbirth and high birth weight. An emerging area of interest is the role of obesity on fertility, and the intergenerational 'tracking' of high maternal body weight into the second and subsequent generations, resulting not only in an increased risk of metabolic disease, but also perturbed reproductive functioning in the offspring.
体重及其组成部分脂肪量和瘦组织，在调节生殖发育和功能方面起着重要作用。体重会影响初潮时间和受孕能力。这种关系的性质似乎呈“U”形变化。体重 extremes 与不孕以及孕期和围产期母婴的一系列不良结局相关。体重过轻与胎儿生长发育不良和流产率升高有关，而超重与孕期疾病、流产、死产和高出生体重的关联更为密切。一个新出现的研究热点是肥胖对生育能力的影响，以及母亲高体重在第二代及后续代际中的“追踪”现象，这不仅会增加代谢疾病的风险，还会扰乱后代的生殖功能。
