Coelho A M, Coelho A C, Roboredo M, Rodrigues J
Direcção Geral de Veterinária, Direcção de Serviços Veterinários da Região Norte, Rua da República 133, 5370-347 Mirandela, Portugal.
Prev Vet Med. 2007 Dec 14;82(3-4):291-301. doi: 10.1016/j.prevetmed.2007.06.001. Epub 2007 Jul 23.
A case-control study involving 255 small ruminants herds randomly selected was carried out in Portugal between January and December 2004, to identify risk factors associated with brucellosis seropositivity. To achieve this objective, two groups of herds selected according their prevalence status were compared: "cases" (farms with seroprevalence higher than 5%, n=123) and "controls" (farms seronegatives, n=132). A carefully structured questionnaire was used to collect data from each herd. A statistical analysis to compare "case" versus "control" herds was performed with the variables obtained from the questionnaire and the seroprevalence results. The effects on seroprevalence of several variables such as: individual characteristics; farm management practices; farm characteristics; animal health; knowledge and characteristics of farmers were evaluated. Data were analysed using logistic regression. Univariable analysis was used to screen the variables used in the logistic regression model. Nine variables were associated with brucellosis seropositivity in univariable analysis p<0.10. These variables were retained for multivariable logistic regression model. Regression model identified five variables as risk factors for seropositivity. The odds of brucellosis were increased: herds with more than 116 animals (OR=2.99); in herds with no cleaned-watering places (OR=3.05); in herds with insufficient manure removal and insufficient cleaning of premises (OR=2.87); in introduction of animals from non-free brucellosis herds or from herds of unknown status (OR=12.11). In the other hand, farmers' age (the eldest) was related to decreased odds (OR=0.4). Potential risk factors identified in this study were consistent factors associated with brucellosis seropositivity and support current recommendations for the control of brucellosis. Considering the paucity of epidemiological reports on brucellosis in the Northeast of Portugal and the absence of any data concerning factors related to either the prevention or the spread of the disease, our results could make a useful contribution towards the prevention of small ruminants brucellosis in the area.
2004年1月至12月期间，在葡萄牙开展了一项病例对照研究，随机选取了255个小型反刍动物养殖场，以确定与布鲁氏菌病血清阳性相关的风险因素。为实现这一目标，根据养殖场的流行状况选取了两组养殖场进行比较：“病例组”（血清阳性率高于5%的养殖场，n = 123）和“对照组”（血清阴性养殖场，n = 132）。使用精心构建的问卷从每个养殖场收集数据。对从问卷和血清阳性率结果中获得的变量进行了统计分析，以比较“病例组”和“对照组”养殖场。评估了几个变量对血清阳性率的影响，如：个体特征；养殖场管理实践；养殖场特征；动物健康；农民的知识和特征。数据采用逻辑回归分析。单变量分析用于筛选逻辑回归模型中使用的变量。单变量分析中，9个变量与布鲁氏菌病血清阳性相关（p<0.10）。这些变量被保留用于多变量逻辑回归模型。回归模型确定了5个变量为血清阳性的风险因素。布鲁氏菌病的患病几率增加：动物数量超过116头的养殖场（OR = 2.99）；没有清洁饮水场所的养殖场（OR = 3.05）；粪便清理不足且场地清洁不足的养殖场（OR = 2.87）；从不免布鲁氏菌病养殖场或状态不明的养殖场引入动物的养殖场（OR = 12.11）。另一方面，农民年龄（最大的）与患病几率降低有关（OR = 0.4）。本研究中确定的潜在风险因素是与布鲁氏菌病血清阳性相关的一致因素，支持当前对布鲁氏菌病的防控建议。考虑到葡萄牙东北部关于布鲁氏菌病的流行病学报告较少，且缺乏与该病预防或传播相关因素的任何数据，我们的结果可为该地区预防小型反刍动物布鲁氏菌病做出有益贡献。
Zotero 插件