前额叶认知能力、智力、大五人格与高等学业及职场表现的预测

Prefrontal cognitive ability, intelligence, Big Five personality, and the prediction of advanced academic and workplace performance.

作者信息

Higgins Daniel M, Peterson Jordan B, Pihl Robert O, Lee Alice G M

机构信息

Department of Psychology, Harvard University.

Department of Psychology, University of Toronto.

出版信息

J Pers Soc Psychol. 2007 Aug;93(2):298-319. doi: 10.1037/0022-3514.93.2.298.

DOI:10.1037/0022-3514.93.2.298

PMID:17645401

Abstract

Studies 1 and 2 assessed performance on a battery of dorsolateral prefrontal cognitive ability (D-PFCA) tests, personality, psychometric intelligence, and academic performance (AP) in 2 undergraduate samples. In Studies 1 and 2, AP was correlated with D-PFCA (r=.37, p<.01, and r=.33, p<.01, respectively), IQ (r=.24, p<.05, and r=.38, p<.01, respectively), and Conscientiousness (r=.26, p<.05, and r=.37, p<.01, respectively). D-PFCA remained significant in regression analyses controlling for intelligence (or g) and personality. Studies 3 and 4 assessed D-PFCA, personality, and workplace performance among (a) managerial-administrative workers and (b) factory floor workers at a manufacturing company. Prefrontal cognitive ability correlated with supervisor ratings of manager performance at values of r ranging from .42 to .57 (ps<.001), depending on experience, and with factory floor performance at pr=.21 (p=.02), after controlling for experience, age, and education. Conscientiousness correlated with factory floor performance at r=.23.

摘要

研究1和研究2在两个本科样本中评估了一系列背外侧前额叶认知能力（D-PFCA）测试、人格、心理测量智力和学业成绩（AP）方面的表现。在研究1和研究2中，学业成绩与背外侧前额叶认知能力（分别为r = 0.37，p < 0.01和r = 0.33，p < 0.01）、智商（分别为r = 0.24，p < 0.05和r = 0.38，p < 0.01）以及尽责性（分别为r = 0.26，p < 0.05和r = 0.37，p < 0.01）相关。在控制了智力（或g因素）和人格的回归分析中，背外侧前额叶认知能力仍然具有显著意义。研究3和研究4在一家制造公司中评估了（a）管理行政人员和（b）工厂工人的背外侧前额叶认知能力、人格和工作场所表现。前额叶认知能力与主管对经理绩效的评分相关，r值在0.42至0.57之间（p值均小于0.001），具体取决于经验；在控制了经验、年龄和教育程度后，与工厂工人的绩效相关，r = 0.21（p = 0.02）。尽责性与工厂工人的绩效相关，r = 0.23。