Kapp Nadine, Studer Daniel, Gehr Peter, Geiser Marianne
Department of Veterinary Anatomy, Veterinary School, Univeristy of Bern, Switzerland.
Methods Mol Biol. 2007;369:431-47. doi: 10.1007/978-1-59745-294-6_21.
A transmission electron microscope (TEM) accessory, the energy filter, enables the establishment of a method for elemental microanalysis, the electron energy-loss spectroscopy (EELS). In conventional TEM, unscattered, elastic, and inelastic scattered electrons contribute to image information. Energy-filtering TEM (EFTEM) allows elemental analysis at the ultrastructural level by using selected inelastic scattered electrons. EELS is an excellent method for elemental microanalysis and nanoanalysis with good sensitivity and accuracy. However, it is a complex method whose potential is seldom completely exploited, especially for biological specimens. In addition to spectral analysis, parallel-EELS, we present two different imaging techniques in this chapter, namely electron spectroscopic imaging (ESI) and image-EELS. We aim to introduce these techniques in this chapter with the elemental microanalysis of titanium. Ultrafine, 22-nm titanium dioxide particles are used in an inhalation study in rats to investigate the distribution of nanoparticles in lung tissue.
一种透射电子显微镜（TEM）附件——能量过滤器，使得电子能量损失谱（EELS）这种元素微分析方法得以建立。在传统TEM中，未散射电子、弹性散射电子和非弹性散射电子都对图像信息有贡献。能量过滤TEM（EFTEM）通过使用选定的非弹性散射电子，能够在超微结构水平上进行元素分析。EELS是一种用于元素微分析和纳米分析的出色方法，具有良好的灵敏度和准确性。然而，它是一种复杂的方法，其潜力很少被完全挖掘，尤其是对于生物标本。除了光谱分析——平行电子能量损失谱（parallel-EELS）之外，我们在本章还介绍两种不同的成像技术，即电子光谱成像（ESI）和图像电子能量损失谱（image-EELS）。我们旨在通过对钛的元素微分析在本章中介绍这些技术。在一项大鼠吸入研究中使用了超细的22纳米二氧化钛颗粒，以研究纳米颗粒在肺组织中的分布。
