Pinheiro Carlos Hermano da Justa, Medeiros Renato Antônio Ribeiro, Pinheiro Denise Gonçalves Moura, Marinho Maria de Jesus Ferreira
Laboratório de Cardiopneumologia e Fisiologia do Exercício, Escola de Saúde Pública do Estado do Ceará, Universidade de Fortaleza, Fortaleza, CE, Brasil.
Arq Bras Cardiol. 2007 Jun;88(6):651-9. doi: 10.1590/s0066-782x2007000600005.
Recent studies show that controlled breathing improves baroreflex and heart rate variability and lowers blood pressure in hypertensive patients.
To evaluate the effects of slow breathing training on cardiorespiratory system modulation of patients (n=10, men and women, ages ranging from 45 to 60) with essential hypertension seen in an outpatient setting.
According to the study design, each patient was used as his/her own control, and data were collected before and after the intervention. The following parameters were assessed: heart rate variability (HRV), systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), mean arterial blood pressure (MAP), respirometry, chest expansion measurement, and statistical data analysis. Respiratory training was performed in 30-minute sessions held twice a week over one month using slow breathing exercises.
Our results were as follows: a reduction in SBP, DPB, and MAP (p < 0.05 vs control); an increase in heart rate variability, as evidenced by greater RR interval variation and SDNN index; a decline in respiratory rate (p < 0.01 vs control); and an increase in tidal volume (p < 0.01 vs control) and thoracic expansibility (p < 0.01 vs control).
Respiratory retraining using the slow breathing technique appears to be a useful adjunctive for cardiorespiratory control in hypertensive patients.
近期研究表明，控制性呼吸可改善压力反射和心率变异性，并降低高血压患者的血压。
评估慢呼吸训练对门诊原发性高血压患者（n = 10，年龄45至60岁，男女均有）心肺系统调节的影响。
根据研究设计，每位患者均作为自身对照，在干预前后收集数据。评估以下参数：心率变异性（HRV）、收缩压（SBP）、舒张压（DBP）、平均动脉压（MAP）、呼吸测量、胸廓扩张测量以及统计数据分析。使用慢呼吸练习，每周进行两次，每次30分钟，持续一个月进行呼吸训练。
我们的结果如下：收缩压、舒张压和平均动脉压降低（与对照组相比，p < 0.05）；心率变异性增加，表现为RR间期变异性和SDNN指数增大；呼吸频率下降（与对照组相比，p < 0.01）；潮气量增加（与对照组相比，p < 0.01）以及胸廓扩张性增加（与对照组相比，p < 0.01）。
使用慢呼吸技术进行呼吸再训练似乎是高血压患者心肺控制的一种有用辅助方法。
