Narberhaus A, Pueyo-Benito R, Segarra-Castells M D, Perapoch-López J, Botet-Mussons F, Junqué C
Departamento de Psiquiatría y Psicobiología Clínica, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, España.
Rev Neurol. 2007;45(4):224-8.
Little is understood about the effects of prematurity on long-term cognitive functioning. No detailed studies have been carried out in a Spanish population to investigate the cognitive performance of adolescents who were born preterm.
To utilise the Wechsler intelligence scales to examine the performance of a broad sample of adolescents who were born preterm, to describe the clinical significance of this performance and to analyse the discriminatory powers of the different subtests.
The intelligence quotients of 62 preterm subjects and 62 controls were evaluated by administering the full Wechsler intelligence scales. A number of specific neuropsychological functions were also assessed.
Significant differences were observed in the overall, verbal and manipulative intelligence quotients, as well as in most of the subtests, although less than 30% of the preterm subjects displayed any alterations in their performance. The subtests that were most sensitive to the poor performance of the preterm subjects were vocabulary, coding and picture arrangement. The significant differences in learning, memory, cognitive flexibility and verbal fluency were not upheld on controlling for general cognitive performance.
Adolescents with a history of prematurity as a group offer low performance on the Wechsler intelligence scale, although most of them achieve scores within the range of what can be considered to be normal. The different subtests that make up this scale do not exhibit the same degree of sensitivity when evaluating the possible difficulties preterm adolescents have in cognitive performance.
关于早产对长期认知功能的影响，人们了解甚少。尚未在西班牙人群中开展详细研究以调查早产青少年的认知表现。
运用韦氏智力量表来检验大量早产青少年样本的表现，描述这一表现的临床意义，并分析不同子测验的鉴别能力。
通过实施完整的韦氏智力量表，对62名早产受试者和62名对照组人员的智商进行评估。还评估了一些特定的神经心理学功能。
在总体、言语和操作智商以及大多数子测验中均观察到显著差异，尽管不到30%的早产受试者表现出任何性能改变。对早产受试者表现不佳最为敏感的子测验是词汇、编码和图片排列。在控制总体认知表现后，学习、记忆、认知灵活性和言语流畅性方面的显著差异未得到支持。
有早产史的青少年群体在韦氏智力量表上表现欠佳，尽管他们中的大多数得分在可被视为正常的范围内。在评估早产青少年在认知表现方面可能存在的困难时，构成该量表的不同子测验并未表现出相同程度的敏感性。
