Dorner Sarah M, Anderson William B, Gaulin Terri, Candon Heather L, Slawson Robin M, Payment Pierre, Huck Peter M
Department of Public Health, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst MA 01003, USA.
J Water Health. 2007 Jun;5(2):241-57.
Water samples were collected from 36 locations within the Grand River Watershed, in Southwestern Ontario, Canada from July 2002 to December 2003 and were analyzed for total coliforms, fecal coliforms, Escherichia coli, Escherichia coli O157:H7, and thermophilic Campylobacter spp. A subset of samples was also analyzed for Cryptosporidium spp., Giardia spp., culturable human enteric viruses, and Clostridium perfringens. Storm and snowmelt events were sampled at two locations including a drinking water intake. For the majority of the events, the Spearman rank correlation test showed a positive correlation between E. coli levels and turbidity. Peaks in pathogen numbers frequently preceded the peaks in numbers of indicator organisms and turbidity. Pathogen levels sometimes decreased to undetectable levels during an event. As pathogen peaks did not correspond to turbidity and indicator peaks, the correlations were weak. Weak correlations may be the result of differences in the sources of the pathogens, rather than differences in pathogen movement through the environment. Results from this investigation have implications for planning monitoring programs for water quality and for the development of pathogen fate and transport models to be used for source water risk assessment.
2002年7月至2003年12月期间，从加拿大安大略省西南部格兰德河流域的36个地点采集了水样，分析了其中的总大肠菌群、粪大肠菌群、大肠杆菌、大肠杆菌O157:H7和嗜热弯曲杆菌属。还对一部分样本分析了隐孢子虫属、贾第虫属、可培养的人类肠道病毒和产气荚膜梭菌。在包括一个饮用水取水口在内的两个地点对暴雨和融雪事件进行了采样。对于大多数事件，斯皮尔曼等级相关检验表明大肠杆菌水平与浊度之间存在正相关。病原体数量的峰值常常先于指示生物数量和浊度的峰值出现。在一次事件中，病原体水平有时会降至检测不到的水平。由于病原体峰值与浊度和指示物峰值不对应，相关性较弱。相关性较弱可能是病原体来源不同的结果，而非病原体在环境中移动方式的差异。本调查结果对规划水质监测项目以及开发用于水源风险评估的病原体归宿和迁移模型具有启示意义。
