Heath Janie, Crowell Nancy A
Acute Care Nurse Practitioner and Critical Care Clinical Nurse Specialist Program, School of Nursing and Health Studies, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA.
J Prof Nurs. 2007 Jul-Aug;23(4):189-200. doi: 10.1016/j.profnurs.2007.01.016.
We report on the findings of a national survey that examined factors that influence faculty's intentions to integrate tobacco education in their advanced practice nursing curricula. The addiction component of tobacco use is taking its toll on the health of 48 million smokers in the United States. Several national health authorities recommend and/or mandate that tobacco prevention and tobacco cessation be addressed at every point of entry in the health care delivery system. However, there is increasing evidence that health care providers may not be adequately prepared to meet national goals and/or standards. One hundred sixty-one advanced practice nursing faculty in the United States completed an 88-item survey regarding external factors (e.g., personal history of tobacco use, clinical practice, and current tobacco topics taught) and components of the Theory of Reasoned Action model (including perceived self-efficacy, behavioral beliefs, subjective norms, and control beliefs related to tobacco education). Descriptive statistics, chi(2) analysis, Pearson correlation, and linear regression were used to analyze the data. The findings revealed that sex (chi(2) = 7.949, P = .024), level of education (chi(2) = 26.853, P = .0005), years of academic teaching (chi(2) = 19.418, P = .013), and combined clinical and course responsibility (chi(2) = 10.430, P = .0236) were significant external (demographic) factors and that behavioral beliefs (attitude about tobacco education) demonstrated the strongest relationship with intention scores (r = 0.876, P < .0005). Overall, 62.7% of nurse practitioners reported high scores (>or=5, on a scale of 1-7) for intentions to integrate tobacco education, as compared with 37.5% of nurse midwives, 30.3% of clinical nurse specialists, and 8.7% of nurse anesthetists. This study adds to the growing body of evidence that nursing curricular gaps with tobacco education exist and that national efforts are needed to ensure that widespread changes occur to help reduce the morbidity and mortality related to tobacco use.
我们报告了一项全国性调查的结果，该调查研究了影响教师将烟草教育纳入其高级实践护理课程意图的因素。烟草使用的成瘾成分正在对美国4800万吸烟者的健康造成损害。几个国家卫生当局建议和/或规定，在医疗保健提供系统的每个入口点都应解决烟草预防和戒烟问题。然而，越来越多的证据表明，医疗保健提供者可能没有充分准备好实现国家目标和/或标准。美国161名高级实践护理教师完成了一项包含88个项目的调查，内容涉及外部因素（如个人吸烟史、临床实践以及当前教授的烟草主题）和理性行动理论模型的组成部分（包括自我效能感、行为信念、主观规范以及与烟草教育相关的控制信念）。使用描述性统计、卡方分析、皮尔逊相关性分析和线性回归来分析数据。研究结果显示，性别（卡方 = 7.949，P = 0.024）、教育水平（卡方 = 26.853，P = 0.0005）、学术教学年限（卡方 = 19.418，P = 0.013）以及临床和课程责任的综合情况（卡方 = 10.430，P = 0.0236）是重要的外部（人口统计学）因素，并且行为信念（对烟草教育的态度）与意图得分的关系最为紧密（r = 0.876，P < 0.0005）。总体而言，62.7%的执业护士报告称将烟草教育纳入课程的意图得分较高（在1 - 7分的量表上≥5分），相比之下，助产护士为37.5%，临床护理专家为30.3%，麻醉护士为8.7%。这项研究进一步证明了护理课程在烟草教育方面存在差距，并且需要国家做出努力，以确保广泛的变革发生，帮助降低与烟草使用相关的发病率和死亡率。
