Marian Viorica, Blumenfeld Henrike K, Kaushanskaya Margarita
Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, Northwestern University, 2240 Campus Drive, Evanston, IL 60208, USA.
J Speech Lang Hear Res. 2007 Aug;50(4):940-67. doi: 10.1044/1092-4388(2007/067).
To develop a reliable and valid questionnaire of bilingual language status with predictable relationships between self-reported and behavioral measures.
In Study 1, the internal validity of the Language Experience and Proficiency Questionnaire (LEAP-Q) was established on the basis of self-reported data from 52 multilingual adult participants. In Study 2, criterion-based validity was established on the basis of standardized language tests and self-reported measures from 50 adult Spanish-English bilinguals. Reliability and validity of the questionnaire were established on healthy adults whose literacy levels were equivalent to that of someone with a high school education or higher.
Factor analyses revealed consistent factors across both studies and suggested that the LEAP-Q was internally valid. Multiple regression and correlation analyses established criterion-based validity and suggested that self-reports were reliable indicators of language performance. Self-reported reading proficiency was a more accurate predictor of first-language performance, and self-reported speaking proficiency was a more accurate predictor of second-language performance. Although global measures of self-reported proficiency were generally predictive of language ability, deriving a precise estimate of performance on a particular task required that specific aspects of language history be taken into account.
The LEAP-Q is a valid, reliable, and efficient tool for assessing the language profiles of multilingual, neurologically intact adult populations in research settings.
开发一份可靠且有效的双语语言状况问卷，使自我报告与行为测量之间具有可预测的关系。
在研究1中，基于52名多语言成年参与者的自我报告数据，确立了语言经历与熟练度问卷（LEAP-Q）的内部效度。在研究2中，基于对50名成年西班牙-英语双语者的标准化语言测试和自我报告测量，确立了基于标准的效度。该问卷的信度和效度是在识字水平相当于高中及以上学历的健康成年人中确立的。
因子分析在两项研究中均揭示了一致的因子，表明LEAP-Q具有内部效度。多元回归和相关分析确立了基于标准的效度，并表明自我报告是语言表现的可靠指标。自我报告的阅读熟练度是第一语言表现的更准确预测指标，而自我报告的口语熟练度是第二语言表现的更准确预测指标。尽管自我报告熟练度的总体测量通常可预测语言能力，但要精确估计特定任务的表现，需要考虑语言历史的具体方面。
LEAP-Q是一种有效、可靠且高效的工具，可用于在研究环境中评估多语言、神经功能正常的成年人群的语言概况。
