Ritchie K, Carrière I, de Mendonca A, Portet F, Dartigues J F, Rouaud O, Barberger-Gateau P, Ancelin M L
INSERM U888 Nervous System Pathologies, Epidemiological and Clinical Research, La Colombière Hospital, Montpellier, France.
Neurology. 2007 Aug 7;69(6):536-45. doi: 10.1212/01.wnl.0000266670.35219.0c.
To examine the association between caffeine intake, cognitive decline, and incident dementia in a community-based sample of subjects aged 65 years and over.
Participants were 4,197 women and 2,820 men from a population-based cohort recruited from three French cities. Cognitive performance, clinical diagnosis of dementia, and caffeine consumption were evaluated at baseline and at 2 and 4 year follow-up.
Caffeine consumption is associated with a wide range of sociodemographic, lifestyle, and clinical variables which may also affect cognitive decline. Multivariate mixed models and multivariate adjusted logistic regression indicated that women with high rates of caffeine consumption (over three cups per day) showed less decline in verbal retrieval (OR = 0.67, CI = 0.53, 0.85), and to a lesser extent in visuospatial memory (OR = 0.82, CI = 0.65, 1.03) over 4 years than women consuming one cup or less. The protective effect of caffeine was observed to increase with age (OR = 0.73, CI = 0.53, 1.02 in the age range 65 to 74; OR = 0.3, CI = 0.14, 0.63 in the range 80+). No relation was found between caffeine intake and cognitive decline in men. Caffeine consumption did not reduce dementia risk over 4 years.
The psychostimulant properties of caffeine appear to reduce cognitive decline in women without dementia, especially at higher ages. Although no impact is observed on dementia incidence, further studies are required to ascertain whether caffeine may nonetheless be of potential use in prolonging the period of mild cognitive impairment in women prior to a diagnosis of dementia.
在一个以社区为基础的65岁及以上受试者样本中，研究咖啡因摄入量、认知衰退与新发痴呆症之间的关联。
参与者来自法国三个城市招募的一个基于人群的队列，包括4197名女性和2820名男性。在基线以及随访2年和4年时评估认知表现、痴呆症的临床诊断和咖啡因摄入量。
咖啡因摄入量与一系列社会人口统计学、生活方式和临床变量相关，而这些变量也可能影响认知衰退。多变量混合模型和多变量调整逻辑回归表明，咖啡因摄入量高（每天三杯以上）的女性在4年中言语检索能力的衰退程度较小（OR = 0.67，CI = 0.53，0.85），在视觉空间记忆方面的衰退程度较小（OR = 0.82，CI = 0.65，1.03），而每天饮用一杯或更少咖啡的女性则不然。观察到咖啡因的保护作用随年龄增长而增强（65至74岁年龄组中OR = 0.73，CI = 0.53，1.02；80岁及以上年龄组中OR = 0.3，CI = 0.14，0.63）。未发现男性的咖啡因摄入量与认知衰退之间存在关联。咖啡因摄入在4年中未降低痴呆症风险。
咖啡因的精神兴奋特性似乎可减少无痴呆症女性的认知衰退，尤其是在较高年龄组。尽管未观察到对痴呆症发病率有影响，但仍需要进一步研究以确定咖啡因在延长女性痴呆症诊断前轻度认知障碍期方面是否可能具有潜在用途。
