Van den Stock Jan, Righart Ruthger, de Gelder Beatrice
Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience Laboratory, Tilburg University, 5000 LE Tilburg, Netherlands.
Emotion. 2007 Aug;7(3):487-94. doi: 10.1037/1528-3542.7.3.487.
The most familiar emotional signals consist of faces, voices, and whole-body expressions, but so far research on emotions expressed by the whole body is sparse. The authors investigated recognition of whole-body expressions of emotion in three experiments. In the first experiment, participants performed a body expression-matching task. Results indicate good recognition of all emotions, with fear being the hardest to recognize. In the second experiment, two alternative forced choice categorizations of the facial expression of a compound face-body stimulus were strongly influenced by the bodily expression. This effect was a function of the ambiguity of the facial expression. In the third experiment, recognition of emotional tone of voice was similarly influenced by task irrelevant emotional body expressions. Taken together, the findings illustrate the importance of emotional whole-body expressions in communication either when viewed on their own or, as is often the case in realistic circumstances, in combination with facial expressions and emotional voices.
最常见的情感信号包括面部表情、声音和全身表达，但迄今为止，关于全身表达情感的研究还很稀少。作者在三个实验中研究了对全身情感表达的识别。在第一个实验中，参与者执行了身体表情匹配任务。结果表明，对所有情绪都有良好的识别能力，其中恐惧最难识别。在第二个实验中，复合面部-身体刺激的面部表情的两种替代强制选择分类受到身体表情的强烈影响。这种效应是面部表情模糊性的函数。在第三个实验中，无关任务的情感身体表达同样影响了对语音情感基调的识别。综上所述，这些发现表明，无论是单独观察，还是在现实情境中经常出现的与面部表情和情感声音相结合的情况下，情感全身表达在交流中都很重要。
