Morissette Carole, Cox Joseph, De Prithwish, Tremblay Claude, Roy Elise, Allard Robert, Stephenson Randolph, Graves Lisa
Montreal Public Health Department, Division of Infectious Diseases, 1301 Sherbrooke Street East, Montreal, Quebec, H2L 1M3, Canada.
Int J Drug Policy. 2007 May;18(3):204-12. doi: 10.1016/j.drugpo.2006.08.004. Epub 2006 Oct 2.
To identify factors associated with using sterile drug injection equipment by injection drug users (IDUs).
275 IDUs were recruited from syringe exchange programs in Montreal, Canada in 2004-2005. A structured, interviewer-administered questionnaire collected information about demographics, drug injection practices, self-reported HIV and hepatitis C virus (HCV) status, and harm reduction behaviours. Logistic regression was used to model variables in relation to the use of sterile syringes, containers, filters, and drug preparation water.
Sterile syringes, containers, filters, and water were used for at least half of injecting episodes by 95%, 23%, 23%, and 75% of subjects, respectively. In multivariate analysis, users of sterile syringes had higher odds of being older and injecting alone, and were less likely to report problems obtaining sterile syringes and requiring or providing help with injecting. Using sterile filters was associated with having at least high school education, injecting heroin, and injecting alone. In addition to the factors associated with filters, users of sterile containers were more likely to be HCV-negative and older. Using sterile water was associated with daily injecting and being HCV-negative.
Improving the uptake of sterile drug preparation equipment among IDUs could be aided by considering drug-specific risks, such as drug of choice and injecting context, while reinforcing existing messages on safer injecting. The association between sterile equipment use and HCV-negative status may be representative of an established subgroup of safer injectors who have remained free of infection because of consistent safe injecting practices.
确定与注射吸毒者（IDU）使用无菌药物注射设备相关的因素。
2004年至2005年从加拿大蒙特利尔的注射器交换项目中招募了275名注射吸毒者。通过一份由访谈员管理的结构化问卷收集了有关人口统计学、药物注射行为、自我报告的艾滋病毒和丙型肝炎病毒（HCV）感染状况以及减少伤害行为的信息。采用逻辑回归对与使用无菌注射器、容器、过滤器和药物制备用水相关的变量进行建模。
分别有95%、23%、23%和75%的受试者在至少一半的注射过程中使用了无菌注射器、容器、过滤器和水。在多变量分析中，使用无菌注射器的使用者年龄较大且单独注射的几率更高，报告获取无菌注射器有问题以及在注射时需要或提供帮助的可能性较小。使用无菌过滤器与至少受过高中教育、注射海洛因以及单独注射有关。除了与过滤器相关的因素外，使用无菌容器的使用者更可能HCV检测呈阴性且年龄较大。使用无菌水与每日注射以及HCV检测呈阴性有关。
在强化关于更安全注射的现有信息的同时，考虑特定药物风险，如首选药物和注射环境，可能有助于提高注射吸毒者对无菌药物制备设备的使用率。无菌设备使用与HCV阴性状态之间的关联可能代表了一个已形成的更安全注射者亚组，他们由于始终坚持安全注射行为而未感染病毒。
