Yanaka Noriyuki
Department of Molecular and Applied Bioscience, Graduate School of Biosphere Science, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, Japan.
Biosci Biotechnol Biochem. 2007 Aug;71(8):1811-8. doi: 10.1271/bbb.70062. Epub 2007 Aug 7.
Bacterial glycerophosphodiester phosphodiesterases (GP-PDEs), GlpQ and UgpQ, are well-characterized periplasmic and cytosolic proteins that play critical roles in the hydrolysis of deacylated glycerophospholipids to glycerol phosphate and alcohol, which are utilized as major sources of carbon and phosphate. In contrast, two novel mammalian GP-PDEs, GDE1/MIR16 and GDE3, were recently identified, and were shown to be involved in several physiological functions. GDE1/MIR16 was identified as a membrane protein interacting with RGS16, a regulator of G protein signaling, and found to hydrolyze glycerophosphoinositol preferentially. We have found that expression of GDE3 is significantly up-regulated during osteoblast differentiation and is involved in morphological changes of cells. Furthermore, five mammalian GP-PDEs were virtually identified, and very recent studies indicate that retinoic acid-induced expression of GDE2 plays essential roles in neuronal differentiation and neurite outgrowth. Thus mammalian GP-PDEs are likely to be important in controlling numerous cellular events, indicating that the GP-PDE superfamily in mammals might be a pharmacological target in the future.
细菌甘油磷酸二酯磷酸二酯酶（GP-PDEs），即GlpQ和UgpQ，是已得到充分表征的周质蛋白和胞质蛋白，它们在将脱酰基甘油磷脂水解为甘油磷酸酯和醇的过程中发挥关键作用，而甘油磷酸酯和醇被用作碳和磷的主要来源。相比之下，最近发现了两种新型哺乳动物GP-PDEs，即GDE1/MIR16和GDE3，并表明它们参与多种生理功能。GDE1/MIR16被鉴定为一种与G蛋白信号调节剂RGS16相互作用的膜蛋白，并发现其优先水解甘油磷酸肌醇。我们发现，GDE3的表达在成骨细胞分化过程中显著上调，并参与细胞的形态变化。此外，实际上已鉴定出五种哺乳动物GP-PDEs，最近的研究表明，视黄酸诱导的GDE2表达在神经元分化和神经突生长中起重要作用。因此，哺乳动物GP-PDEs可能在控制众多细胞事件中发挥重要作用，这表明哺乳动物中的GP-PDE超家族未来可能成为一个药理学靶点。
