Cortes Sandra, Fortt Antonia
Escuela de Salud Publica, Universidad de Chile, Independencia 939, Santiago 838-0453, Chile.
Food Addit Contam. 2007 Sep;24(9):955-9. doi: 10.1080/02652030701278362.
The intake of fish products is a major public health concern due to possible methyl mercury exposure, which is especially toxic to the human nervous system. This pilot study (n = 46) was designed to determine mercury concentrations in fish products for national consumption (Chilean jack mackerel, hake, Chilean mussel, tuna) and for export (salmon, Patagonian toothfish, swordfish, southern hake), and to estimate the exposure of the general population. The fish products were collected from markets in Talcahuano, Puerto Montt and Santiago. Samples were analyzed at the National Environmental Center by cold vapor atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Mercury levels in swordfish and one canned tuna sample exceeded levels prescribed by national and international standards. The remaining two export products (Patagonian toothfish, also known as Chilean sea bass, and salmon) complied with international limits, which are more demanding than Chilean regulations. Theoretical estimates of mercury intake varied from 0.08 to 3.8 microg kg(-1) bw day(-1) for high fish consumers, exceeding the provisional tolerable intake for tuna, Chilean seabass, Chilean jack mackerel and swordfish. This group appears to be at the greatest risk from mercury contamination among the Chilean population.
由于可能接触甲基汞，鱼类产品的摄入成为一个主要的公共卫生问题，甲基汞对人类神经系统具有特别的毒性。这项试点研究（n = 46）旨在测定供国内消费的鱼类产品（智利竹荚鱼、无须鳕、智利贻贝、金枪鱼）和供出口的鱼类产品（鲑鱼、巴塔哥尼亚犬牙南极鱼、箭鱼、南无须鳕）中的汞浓度，并估算普通人群的暴露情况。这些鱼类产品从塔尔卡瓦诺、蒙特港和圣地亚哥的市场采集。样品在国家环境中心通过冷蒸气原子吸收分光光度法进行分析。箭鱼和一个罐装金枪鱼样品中的汞含量超过了国家和国际标准规定的水平。其余两种出口产品（巴塔哥尼亚犬牙南极鱼，也称为智利海鲈，以及鲑鱼）符合国际限值，国际限值比智利法规更为严格。对于高鱼类消费量人群，汞摄入量的理论估计值在0.08至3.8微克/千克体重·天之间，超过了金枪鱼、智利海鲈、智利竹荚鱼和箭鱼的暂定可耐受摄入量。在智利人群中，这一群体似乎面临着汞污染的最大风险。
