Inal Ali, Gunes Aydin
Department of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, Agricultural Faculty, Ankara University, 06110 Ankara, Turkey.
J Plant Physiol. 2008;165(5):490-503. doi: 10.1016/j.jplph.2007.01.016. Epub 2007 Aug 14.
Two glasshouse studies were conducted to investigate the effect of interspecific complementary and competitive root interactions and rhizosphere effects on the concentration and uptake of Na, Cl and B, and N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Zn and Mn nutrition of mixed cropped peanut with maize (Experiment I), and barley (Experiment II) grown in nutrient-poor saline-sodic and B toxic soil. Mixed cropped plants were grown in either higher density or lower density. The results of the experiment revealed that dry shoot weight decreased in peanut but increased in maize and barley with associated plant species compared to their monoculture. Shoot Na and Cl concentrations of peanut decreased significantly in both experiments, regardless of higher or lower density. The concentrations of Na also decreased in the shoots of mixed cropped maize and barley, but Cl concentrations increased slightly. The concentration of B significantly decreased in mixed cropping in all plant species regardless of higher or lower density. Rhizosphere chemistry was strongly and differentially modified by the roots of peanut, maize and barley, and mixed growing. There were significant correlations between the root-secreted acid phosphatases (S-APase), acid phosphatase in rhizosphere (RS-APase) and rhizosphere P concentration (RS-P) in the both experiments. The Fe-solubilizing activity (Fe-SA) and ferric reducing (FR) capacity of the roots were generally higher in mixed culture relative to their monoculture, which improved Fe, Zn and Mn nutrition of peanut. Further, there were also significant correlations among FR, Fe-SA and RS-Fe concentrations. Peanut facilitated P nutrition of maize and barley, while maize and barley improved K, Fe, Zn and Mn nutrition of peanut grown in nutrient-poor saline-sodic and B toxic soil.
进行了两项温室研究，以调查间种作物花生与玉米（实验一）和大麦（实验二）间种时种间互补和竞争根系相互作用以及根际效应，对生长在盐碱化和硼毒害贫瘠土壤中混合种植的花生、玉米和大麦钠、氯、硼以及氮、磷、钾、钙、镁、铁、锌和锰营养元素的浓度和吸收的影响。混合种植的植株以高密度或低密度种植。实验结果表明，与单作相比，间种时花生地上部干重下降，而玉米和大麦地上部干重增加。在两个实验中，无论密度高低，花生地上部钠和氯的浓度均显著下降。间种的玉米和大麦地上部钠浓度也下降，但氯浓度略有增加。无论密度高低，所有植物物种间种时硼浓度均显著下降。花生、玉米和大麦的根系以及混合种植对根际化学性质有强烈且不同的影响。在两个实验中，根系分泌酸性磷酸酶（S-APase）、根际酸性磷酸酶（RS-APase）与根际磷浓度（RS-P）之间均存在显著相关性。相对于单作，混合种植时根系的铁溶解活性（Fe-SA）和铁还原（FR）能力通常更高，这改善了花生的铁、锌和锰营养状况。此外，FR、Fe-SA与RS-Fe浓度之间也存在显著相关性。花生促进了玉米和大麦的磷营养，而玉米和大麦改善了生长在盐碱化和硼毒害贫瘠土壤中的花生的钾、铁、锌和锰营养状况。
