Peanut Research Institute, College of Agronomy, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, China.
Shandong Peanut Research Institute, Qingdao, 266100, Shandong, China.
BMC Microbiol. 2022 Jan 7;22(1):14. doi: 10.1186/s12866-021-02425-6.
Intercropping, a diversified planting pattern, increases land use efficiency and farmland ecological diversity. We explored the changes in soil physicochemical properties, nutrient uptake and utilization, and microbial community composition in wide-strip intercropping of maize and peanut.
The results from three treatments, sole maize, sole peanut and intercropping of maize and peanut, showed that intercropped maize had a marginal advantage and that the nutrient content of roots, stems and grains in side-row maize was better than that in the middle row of intercropped maize and sole maize. The yield of intercropped maize was higher than that of sole cropping. The interaction between crops significantly increased soil peroxidase activity, and significantly decreased protease and dehydrogenase activities in intercropped maize and intercropped peanut. The diversity and richness of bacteria and fungi decreased in intercropped maize rhizosphere soil, whereas the richness of fungi increased intercropped peanut. RB41, Candidatus-udaeobacter, Stropharia, Fusarium and Penicillium were positively correlated with soil peroxidase activity, and negatively correlated with soil protease and dehydrogenase activities. In addition, intercropping enriched the functional diversity of the bacterial community and reduced pathogenic fungi.
Intercropping changed the composition and diversity of the bacterial and fungal communities in rhizosphere soil, enriched beneficial microbes, increased the nitrogen content of intercropped maize and provided a scientific basis for promoting intercropping in northeastern China.
间作是一种多样化的种植模式，可以提高土地利用效率和农田生态多样性。我们探讨了玉米和花生宽行间作后土壤理化性质、养分吸收和利用以及微生物群落组成的变化。
在单作玉米、单作花生和玉米-花生间作三种处理中，间作玉米具有边际优势，边行玉米的根、茎和籽粒养分含量优于间作玉米和单作玉米的中行。间作玉米的产量高于单作。作物间的相互作用显著提高了间作玉米土壤过氧化物酶活性，显著降低了间作玉米和间作花生中蛋白酶和脱氢酶的活性。间作玉米根际土壤中细菌和真菌的多样性和丰富度降低，而间作花生中真菌的丰富度增加。RB41、Candidatus-udaeobacter、Stropharia、Fusarium 和 Penicillium 与土壤过氧化物酶活性呈正相关，与土壤蛋白酶和脱氢酶活性呈负相关。此外，间作增加了细菌群落的功能多样性，减少了病原真菌。
间作改变了根际土壤中细菌和真菌群落的组成和多样性，富集了有益微生物，增加了间作玉米的氮素含量，为促进东北地区间作提供了科学依据。
