Stubbs Sharron A, Stark Jaroslav, Dilworth Stephen M, Franks Stephen, Hardy Kate
Institute of Reproductive and Developmental Biology, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, London W12 0NN, United Kingdom.
J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2007 Nov;92(11):4418-26. doi: 10.1210/jc.2007-0729. Epub 2007 Aug 14.
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrine disorder in women, but its etiology remains obscure. Recent data suggest that an intrinsic abnormality of early follicle development in the ovary is key to the pathogenesis of PCOS. We have recently found that in PCOS the proportion of primordial follicles is decreased with a reciprocal increase in the proportion of primary follicles.
Our aim was to examine whether the accelerated transition of follicles from primordial to primary stages in polycystic ovaries (PCO) is due to increased granulosa cell (GC) division.
This study is a comparison of expression of minichromosome maintenance protein 2 (MCM2) (present in the nuclei of cells that are licensed to divide) in archive tissue from normal and PCO.
This is a laboratory-based study.
There were 16 women with regular cycles (six with normal and 10 with PCO) and five anovulatory women with PCO, classified histologically, with reference to menstrual history and ultrasound.
The presence of MCM2 expression in the GCs of 1,371 follicles was determined.
GC proliferation was increased in anovulatory PCO compared with both normal and ovulatory PCO, with an increased proportion of preantral follicles with MCM2-positive GCs (P <or= 0.015). The number of GCs differed significantly among the three types of ovary at the transitional (P = 0.013) and primary (P = 0.0096) stages. This was accompanied by an altered relationship (P < 0.0001) between oocyte growth and GC division/cuboidalization.
These findings provide evidence for increased GC proliferation in early-growing follicles in PCOS. This offers an explanation for the increased proportion of primary follicles in PCOS.
多囊卵巢综合征（PCOS）是女性最常见的内分泌紊乱疾病，但其病因仍不清楚。最近的数据表明，卵巢早期卵泡发育的内在异常是PCOS发病机制的关键。我们最近发现，在PCOS中，原始卵泡的比例下降，而初级卵泡的比例相应增加。
我们的目的是研究多囊卵巢（PCO）中卵泡从原始阶段到初级阶段的加速转变是否是由于颗粒细胞（GC）分裂增加所致。
本研究比较了正常和PCO存档组织中微小染色体维持蛋白2（MCM2）（存在于有分裂许可的细胞核中） 的表达。
这是一项基于实验室的研究。
有16名月经周期规律的女性（6名正常，10名PCO）和5名无排卵的PCO女性，根据月经史和超声进行组织学分类。
确定1371个卵泡的GC中MCM2表达的存在情况。
与正常和排卵性PCO相比，无排卵性PCO中的GC增殖增加，有MCM2阳性GC的窦前卵泡比例增加（P≤0.015）。在过渡阶段（P = 0.013）和初级阶段（P = 0.0096），三种类型卵巢的GC数量存在显著差异。这伴随着卵母细胞生长与GC分裂/立方化之间关系的改变（P < 0.0001）。
这些发现为PCOS早期生长卵泡中GC增殖增加提供了证据。这为PCOS中初级卵泡比例增加提供了解释。
