Trull Timothy J, Durrett Christine A
Department of Psychology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, USA.
Annu Rev Clin Psychol. 2005;1:355-80. doi: 10.1146/annurev.clinpsy.1.102803.144009.
We review major categorical and dimensional models of personality pathology, highlighting advantages and disadvantages of these approaches. Several analytic and methodological approaches to the question of the categorical versus dimensional status of constructs are discussed, including taxometric analyses, latent class analyses, and multivariate genetic analyses. Based on our review, we advocate a dimensional approach to classifying personality pathology. There is converging evidence that four major domains of personality are relevant to personality pathology: neuroticism/negative affectivity/emotional dysregulation; extraversion/positive emotionality; dissocial/antagonistic behavior; and constraint/compulsivity/conscientiousness. Finally, we discuss how dimensional approaches might be integrated into the diagnostic system, as well as some of the major issues that must be addressed in order for dimensional approaches to gain wide acceptance.
我们回顾了人格病理学的主要分类模型和维度模型，突出了这些方法的优缺点。讨论了几种关于构念的分类与维度状态问题的分析和方法，包括分类分析、潜在类别分析和多变量遗传分析。基于我们的回顾，我们主张采用维度方法来对人格病理学进行分类。有越来越多的证据表明，人格的四个主要领域与人格病理学相关：神经质/消极情感/情绪失调；外向性/积极情感；反社会/敌对行为；以及约束性/强迫性/尽责性。最后，我们讨论了维度方法如何可能被整合到诊断系统中，以及为使维度方法获得广泛接受而必须解决的一些主要问题。
