van Peer Jacobien M, Roelofs Karin, Rotteveel Mark, van Dijk J Gert, Spinhoven Philip, Ridderinkhof K Richard
Department of Clinical, Health and Neuropsychology, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands.
Biol Psychol. 2007 Oct;76(3):135-46. doi: 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2007.07.003. Epub 2007 Jul 20.
We investigated the effects of cortisol administration (50 mg) on approach and avoidance tendencies in low and high trait avoidant healthy young men. Event-related brain potentials (ERPs) were measured during a reaction time task, in which participants evaluated the emotional expression of photographs of happy and angry faces by making an approaching (flexion) or avoiding (extension) arm movement. The task consisted of an affect-congruent (approach happy faces and avoid angry faces) and an affect-incongruent (reversed instruction) condition. Behavioral and ERP analyses showed that cortisol enhanced congruency effects for angry faces in highly avoidant individuals only. The ERP effects involved an increase of both early (P150) and late (P3) positive amplitudes, indicative of increased processing of the angry faces in high avoidant subjects after cortisol administration. Together, these results suggest a context-specific effect of cortisol on processing of, and adaptive responses to, motivationally significant threat stimuli, particularly in participants highly sensitive to threat signals.
我们研究了给予皮质醇（50毫克）对低特质回避型和高特质回避型健康年轻男性趋近和回避倾向的影响。在一项反应时间任务中测量了事件相关脑电位（ERP），在该任务中，参与者通过做出趋近（弯曲）或回避（伸展）手臂动作来评估快乐和愤怒面孔照片的情感表达。该任务包括情感一致（趋近快乐面孔并回避愤怒面孔）和情感不一致（相反指令）条件。行为和ERP分析表明，皮质醇仅增强了高回避型个体对愤怒面孔的一致性效应。ERP效应包括早期（P150）和晚期（P3）正波幅的增加，这表明在给予皮质醇后，高回避型受试者对愤怒面孔的加工增加。总之，这些结果表明皮质醇对动机上显著的威胁刺激的加工和适应性反应具有特定情境效应，特别是在对威胁信号高度敏感的参与者中。
