Intestinal absorption of linoleic acid in experimental renal failure.

Linoleic acid (LA) transport in rats with experimental short-term and long-term renal failure (RF) was compared with that of sham-operated normal animals on liberal food intake and pair-fed animals. The perfusions in vivo and incubations in vitro were conducted using a micellar solution containing a wide range of LA concentrations. Both absorption in vivo and uptake in vitro of LA were significantly reduced in animals with short-term RF. Lipid extraction and separation by thin-layer chromatography revealed a marked LA trapping as trilinolein (TL) in the perfused intestinal tissue in the short-term RF group. The esterification process, as defined by the rate of LA incorporation into TL, was moderately reduced in short-term RF animals. The thickness of the unstirred water layer showed no significant difference among the groups studied. In contrast, animals with long-term RF exhibited normal absorption of LA in vivo at all concentrations tested. In conclusion, LA absorption is reduced in short-term RF and restored in long-term RF. Several steps including LA transport into and TL transport out of the enterocyte and the esterification process were impaired in short-term RF. These changes are not due to alteration in the unstirred water layer, anorexia, weight loss or a rapid effect of uraemic chemical environment or circulatory factors.