Hirst M, Baldwin S, Jones L
Social Policy Research Unit, University of York, UK.
Br J Audiol. 1991 Dec;25(6):361-70. doi: 10.3109/03005369109076611.
This study investigated the pattern and frequency of telephone use by people with a profound or severe hearing impairment. The main purpose was to assess the benefits of text telecommunication for making calls by typing rather than speaking and listening. Data on 169 adults were obtained by personal interview. The sample was stratified between subscribers to an experimental text-relay service and non-subscribers: a minority of respondents in both groups used a text telephone for direct telecommunication. Access to the relay service increased independent use of the telephone significantly above that of other respondents, whether for social contact, conducting personal business, or in paid work. The text-relay service was less than satisfactory for urgent calls and apparently did not encourage reciprocal contact. Nearly all respondents, subscribers and non-subscribers alike, relied on other people making or receiving calls on their behalf via an ordinary telephone. Direct text telecommunication was as important as the text-relay service for social contact, especially with friends. The costs of telephone text equipment were substantially more than those normally incurred by hearing people. The implications for improving deaf people's access to the telephone are discussed.
本研究调查了重度或极重度听力障碍者使用电话的模式和频率。主要目的是评估通过打字而非语音通话进行文本电信通话的益处。通过个人访谈获取了169名成年人的数据。样本分为使用实验性文本转接服务的用户和非用户：两组中的少数受访者使用文本电话进行直接通信。无论用于社交联系、处理个人事务还是有偿工作，使用转接服务都显著增加了电话的独立使用，高于其他受访者。文本转接服务在紧急呼叫方面不尽人意，而且显然没有促进相互联系。几乎所有受访者，无论是用户还是非用户，都依赖他人通过普通电话代他们拨打电话或接听电话。对于社交联系，尤其是与朋友的联系，直接文本电信与文本转接服务同样重要。电话文本设备的成本大大高于听力正常者通常产生的费用。文中讨论了改善聋人使用电话便利性的相关影响。
