Science. 1994 Feb 18;263(5149):943-5. doi: 10.1126/science.263.5149.943.
The production of strings (disclination lines and loops) has been observed by means of the Kibble mechanism of domain (bubble) formation in the isotropic-nematic phase transition of the uniaxial nematic liquid crystal 4-cyano-4'-n-pentylbiphenyl. The number of strings formed per bubble is about 0.6. This value is in reasonable agreement with a numerical simulation of the experiment in which the Kibble mechanism is used for the order parameter space of a uniaxial nematic liquid crystal.
已经通过单轴向列相液晶 4-氰基-4'-正戊基联苯的各向同性-向列相转变的 Kibble 机制观察到了弦（倾斜线和环）的产生。每个气泡形成的弦的数量约为 0.6。这个值与实验的数值模拟结果合理一致，在该模拟中，Kibble 机制用于单轴向列相液晶的序参量空间。
