Bender A N, Ringel S P, Engel W K
Neurology. 1976 May;26(5):477-83. doi: 10.1212/wnl.26.5.477.
Acetylcholine receptor now can be visualized in the muscle sarcolemmal membrane with the use of an immunoperoxidase staining of alpha-bungarotoxin (alpha BT), a substance that binds specifically to the acetylcholine receptor. This technique has allowed new observations in various neuromuscular diseases in which the acetylcholine receptor is affected. In normal muscle, the acetylcholine receptor is confined to the neuromuscular junction. In both experimental denervation and human denervating illnesses, the acetylcholine receptor becomes present diffusely along the muscle sarcolemmal membrane in denervated fibers. In myasthenia gravis, a circulating factor that blocks alpha BT binding to the acetylcholine receptor of either normal neuromuscular junctions or denervated sarcolemmal membranes is present in 68 percent of serums tested.
现在，通过使用α-银环蛇毒素（αBT）的免疫过氧化物酶染色技术，可以在肌细胞膜上观察到乙酰胆碱受体，αBT是一种能特异性结合乙酰胆碱受体的物质。这项技术使人们能够对乙酰胆碱受体受到影响的各种神经肌肉疾病进行新的观察。在正常肌肉中，乙酰胆碱受体局限于神经肌肉接头处。在实验性去神经支配和人类去神经疾病中，乙酰胆碱受体会沿着失神经纤维的肌细胞膜弥漫性出现。在重症肌无力患者中，68%的检测血清中存在一种循环因子，该因子会阻断αBT与正常神经肌肉接头或失神经肌细胞膜上的乙酰胆碱受体的结合。
