Kalchayanand Norasak, Arthur Terrance M, Bosilevac Joseph M, Brichta-Harhay Dayna M, Guerini Michael N, Shackelford Steven D, Wheeler Tommy L, Koohmaraie Mohammad
U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Roman L. Hruska U.S. Meat Animal Research Center, Clay Center, Nebraska 68933-0166, USA.
J Food Prot. 2007 Aug;70(8):1811-9. doi: 10.4315/0362-028x-70.8.1811.
Although the United States produces 203 million lb (ca. 92.1 kg) of domestic lamb and mutton each year, thorough studies of the microbiological safety during lamb processing are lacking. To address this missing information, a total of 2,548 sponge samples from pelts, preevisceration carcasses, and postintervention carcasses were collected from multiple large commercial lamb processing plants to determine aerobic plate counts, the prevalences of Escherichia coli O157:H7, non-O157 Shiga toxin-producing E. coli (STEC), and Salmonella. The averages of the aerobic plate counts from pelts, the preevisceration carcasses, and the postintervention carcasses were 6.3, 4.4, and 2.4 log CFU/100 cm2, respectively. The prevalences of E. coli O157:H7 from the pelts, the preevisceration carcasses, and the postintervention carcasses were 12.8, 1.6, and 2.9%, respectively. The average Salmonella prevalences were 14.4, 4.3, and 1.8% for pelts, preevisceration carcasses, and postintervention carcasses, respectively. The most frequently identified Salmonella serotype was Heidelberg. The prevalences of non-O157 STEC from pelts, preevisceration carcasses, and postintervention carcasses averaged 86.2, 78.6, and 81.6%, respectively. A total of 488 non-O157 S0TEC strains were isolated from postintervention carcasses. Sixty-nine different serotypes of non-O157 STEC were identified. The most frequently detected serotypes were O91:H14 (40.8%), followed by O5:H19 (18.4%). A small number of STEC serotypes associated with severe human illness were isolated from postintervention carcasses. These were serotypes O76:H19, O128:H2 (0.8%), O146:H8 (2.1%), ) O146:H21, O163:H19, and O174:H8 (1.3%). The results of this study establish a baseline for microbiological quality and prevalences of Salmonella, E. coli O157:H7, and STEC in U.S. lamb processing plants.
尽管美国每年生产2.03亿磅（约92.1千克）国产羔羊肉和羊肉，但缺乏对羔羊加工过程中微生物安全性的全面研究。为了填补这一信息空白，从多个大型商业羔羊加工厂收集了总共2548份来自兽皮、宰前胴体和干预后胴体的海绵样本，以测定需氧平板计数、大肠杆菌O157:H7、非O157产志贺毒素大肠杆菌（STEC）和沙门氏菌的流行率。兽皮、宰前胴体和干预后胴体的需氧平板计数平均值分别为6.3、4.4和2.4 log CFU/100 cm²。兽皮、宰前胴体和干预后胴体中大肠杆菌O157:H7的流行率分别为12.8%、1.6%和2.9%。兽皮、宰前胴体和干预后胴体的沙门氏菌平均流行率分别为14.4%、4.3%和1.8%。最常鉴定出的沙门氏菌血清型是海德堡。兽皮、宰前胴体和干预后胴体中非O157 STEC的流行率平均分别为86.2%、78.6%和81.6%。从干预后胴体中总共分离出488株非O157 S0TEC菌株。鉴定出69种不同血清型的非O157 STEC。最常检测到的血清型是O91:H14（40.8%），其次是O5:H19（18.4%）。从干预后胴体中分离出少数与严重人类疾病相关的STEC血清型。这些血清型是O76:H19、O128:H2（0.8%）、O146:H8（2.1%）、O146:H21、O163:H19和O174:H8（1.3%）。本研究结果为美国羔羊加工厂中沙门氏菌、大肠杆菌O157:H7和STEC的微生物质量和流行率建立了基线。
