Dharod Jigna Morarji, Pérez-Escamilla Rafael, Paciello Stefania, Bermúdez-Millán Angela, Venkitanarayanan Kumar, Damio Grace
Department of Nutritional Sciences and Connecticut NIH EXPORT Center of Excellence for Eliminating Health Disparities among Latinos, University of Connecticut, 3624 Horsebarn Hill Road, U-17, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA.
J Food Prot. 2007 Aug;70(8):1927-32. doi: 10.4315/0362-028x-70.8.1927.
The study was conducted to compare and identify the magnitude of differences between self-reported and observed food safety behaviors among women preparing a chicken and salad dish at home. The observed food safety practices also were compared according to sociodemographic variables and prior food safety education. Sixty Puerto Rican women who were the main meal preparers for their households were recruited in Hartford, Conn. Three household visits were made to (i) deliver food ingredients to prepare the chicken and salad meal, (ii) conduct household observation, and (iii) conduct a self-reported survey. The difference between self-reported and observed behaviors varied across food handling and sanitation behaviors. There was a high level of inaccuracy for socially desirable behaviors such as hand washing; the vast majority of participants reported practicing these behaviors but they were not observed doing so. Cutting board washing also was considerably overreported, questioning the validity of these self-reported data for regression analyses. There was a significant association (P < 0.05) between proper thawing method and prior food safety education, use of cutting board and higher income, and washing tomatoes and having a positive attitude towards food safety. Results revealed that overreporting errors must be considered when analyzing and/or interpreting data derived from self-reported food safety consumer surveys and that food safety education and positive food safety attitudes are associated with recommended food safety behaviors.
本研究旨在比较和确定在家中准备鸡肉和沙拉菜肴的女性自我报告的食品安全行为与观察到的食品安全行为之间的差异程度。还根据社会人口统计学变量和先前的食品安全教育对观察到的食品安全做法进行了比较。在康涅狄格州哈特福德招募了60名波多黎各女性，她们是各自家庭的主要膳食准备者。进行了三次家庭访问，分别是：(i) 运送准备鸡肉和沙拉餐所需的食材，(ii) 进行家庭观察，以及(iii) 进行自我报告调查。自我报告行为与观察到的行为之间的差异在食品处理和卫生行为方面各不相同。对于洗手等社会期望行为，存在高度的不准确情况；绝大多数参与者报告说他们践行了这些行为，但观察发现他们并未这样做。砧板清洗行为也被过度报告，这对这些自我报告数据用于回归分析的有效性提出了质疑。正确的解冻方法与先前的食品安全教育、砧板的使用与较高收入、西红柿清洗与对食品安全的积极态度之间存在显著关联（P < 0.05）。结果表明，在分析和/或解释来自自我报告的食品安全消费者调查的数据时，必须考虑过度报告误差，并且食品安全教育和积极的食品安全态度与推荐的食品安全行为相关。
