Singh S V, Singh P K, Singh A V, Sohal J S, Gupta V K, Vihan V S
Central Institute for Research on Goats, Makhdoom, PO-FARAH, District Mathura, UP 281 122, India.
Vaccine. 2007 Oct 10;25(41):7102-10. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2007.07.054. Epub 2007 Aug 15.
Johne's disease (JD) is endemic in goatherds located at Central Institute for Research on Goats, Makhdoom, since 1979 and lately it has been reported from farmer's herds in equal frequencies. Despite using test and slaughter method for the control of JD for more than 25 years in these herds, incidence of JD has not been reduced. Efficacy of 'indigenous vaccine' containing native 'Bison type' genotype of Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (MAP) was compared with commercial vaccine using challenge studies with homologous strain of MAP. Goat kids (85) were randomly divided in to three groups. Kids were vaccinated with 1 ml of vaccine subcutaneously and Sham-immunized with 1 ml of sterile PBS. All kids except 3 in each group were challenged twice at 75- and 275-day post-vaccination (DPV). Four goats each from three groups were sacrificed at 200-day post-challenge to evaluate carcass and histopathologically for vaccine and challenge response in kids of different groups. Samples (blood, serum and fecal) were screened for LTT, ELISA and shedding of bacilli and data on live animal traits, mortality and experimental sacrifice were compared. Average body weights gained by goats in three groups at different stages of trials (0, 1-75, 76-275, 276-425 DPV) showed marked improvements in performance of vaccinated groups over 'Sham-immunized' group. Effect of vaccines against challenge became visible in terms of body weights gained at 276-425 DPV ('Bison' group gained significantly higher body weights than 'Sham-immunized'). Mortality was significantly less in two vaccinated as compared to 'Sham-immunized'. Vaccinated groups also had significant stimulation and sero-conversion for cell mediated and humoral immune response, respectively as compared to 'Sham-immunized'. Results of post-challenged fecal culture showed significant reduction in shedding of MAP in both vaccinated groups than in 'Sham-immunized'. There was significant improvement in external and internal body traits and histological lesions in case of vaccinated than 'Sham-immunized' group.
自1979年以来，约翰氏病（JD）在位于马赫杜姆的中央山羊研究所的牧羊人羊群中呈地方性流行，最近在农民的畜群中也有相同频率的报道。尽管在这些畜群中使用检测和扑杀方法控制JD已超过25年，但JD的发病率并未降低。使用副结核分枝杆菌（MAP）的本地“野牛型”基因型的“本土疫苗”与商业疫苗，通过用MAP同源菌株进行攻毒试验比较了二者的效力。85只山羊幼崽被随机分为三组。给幼崽皮下注射1毫升疫苗，并给假免疫组注射1毫升无菌磷酸盐缓冲盐水（PBS）。每组除3只外的所有幼崽在接种疫苗后75天和275天进行两次攻毒。攻毒后200天，每组处死4只山羊，以评估不同组幼崽的胴体情况，并进行组织病理学检查，以了解疫苗和攻毒反应。对样本（血液、血清和粪便）进行淋巴细胞转化试验（LTT）、酶联免疫吸附测定（ELISA）和杆菌排出检测，并比较活体动物性状、死亡率和实验性处死的数据。三组山羊在试验不同阶段（接种后0、1至75、76至275、276至425天）的平均体重增加情况显示，接种组的生长性能明显优于“假免疫”组。在接种后276至425天，从增重情况来看，疫苗对攻毒的效果明显（“野牛”组的体重明显高于“假免疫”组）。与“假免疫”组相比，两个接种组的死亡率明显更低。与“假免疫”组相比，接种组在细胞介导免疫反应和体液免疫反应方面也分别有显著的刺激和血清转化。攻毒后粪便培养结果显示，两个接种组的MAP排出量均比“假免疫”组显著减少。与“假免疫”组相比，接种组的外部和内部身体性状以及组织学病变有显著改善。
