Serrano Miriam, Elguezabal Natalia, Sevilla Iker A, Geijo María V, Molina Elena, Juste Ramón A, Garrido Joseba M
Animal Health Department, NEIKER-Instituto Vasco de Investigación y Desarrollo Agrario, Bizkaia Science and Technology Park, Derio, Spain.
Front Vet Sci. 2017 Oct 18;4:175. doi: 10.3389/fvets.2017.00175. eCollection 2017.
Although paratuberculosis (PTB) vaccination has been recognized as an effective tool to control the disease, its use has been limited in countries undergoing bovine tuberculosis (bTB) eradication programs because of its interference with the diagnostic techniques. Due to this restraint, little is known about the effect of vaccinating against PTB on the progression of bTB infection. To assess this topic, an experimental infection was carried out including the following three groups of five calves each: non-vaccinated infected with (NVI), vaccinated against PTB infected with (VI), and vaccinated against PTB non-infected (VNI). The level of infection attending to pathological and bacteriological parameters was evaluated at necropsy in collected tissue samples. Infection was confirmed in all challenged animals being the lung and thoracic regions most affected for all studied parameters. The VI group presented 15.62% less gross lesions in the thoracic region than the NVI, although no significant differences were found. Only one vaccinated animal presented gross lesions in the lung, compared to three non-vaccinated calves. NVI animals showed an average of 1.8 lung lobes with gross lesions whereas in the vaccinated group the average number of affected lobes was 0.2, representing an 89% reduction. Significant differences were not found, although a tendency was observed ( = 0.126). Pathological and culture scores showed the same tendency. Vaccination induced a 71.42 and 60% reduction in lesion and culture scores in the lung as well as a 23.75 and 26.66% decline, respectively, in the thoracic region. The VI group showed lower positivity in the rest of the areas for all measured criteria except for the head. In order to reinforce our results, further research on a larger sample size is needed, but the results from this study suggest that PTB vaccination could confer certain degree of protection against bTB infection, supporting the view that PTB vaccination could increase resistance to the main mycobacterioses that affect animals.
尽管副结核病（PTB）疫苗接种已被视为控制该疾病的有效工具，但由于其对诊断技术的干扰，在正在实施牛结核病（bTB）根除计划的国家中，其使用受到限制。由于这种限制，关于接种PTB疫苗对bTB感染进展的影响知之甚少。为了评估这一主题，进行了一项实验性感染，包括以下三组，每组五头小牛：未接种疫苗但感染了[具体病原体]的（NVI）、接种PTB疫苗且感染了[具体病原体]的（VI），以及接种PTB疫苗但未感染的（VNI）。在尸检时，对收集的组织样本根据病理和细菌学参数评估感染水平。在所有受挑战的动物中均确认发生了感染，所有研究参数中肺部和胸部区域受影响最大。VI组胸部区域的肉眼可见病变比NVI组少15.62%，尽管未发现显著差异。与三头未接种疫苗的小牛相比，只有一头接种疫苗的动物肺部出现肉眼可见病变。NVI组动物平均有1.8个肺叶出现肉眼可见病变，而接种疫苗组受影响肺叶的平均数量为0.2个，减少了89%。虽然未发现显著差异，但观察到一种趋势（P = 0.126）。病理和培养评分显示出相同的趋势。疫苗接种使肺部病变和培养评分分别降低了71.42%和60%，在胸部区域分别下降了23.75%和26.66%。除头部外，VI组在所有测量标准的其他区域显示出较低的阳性率。为了加强我们的结果，需要对更大样本量进行进一步研究，但本研究结果表明，PTB疫苗接种可以提供一定程度的保护以抵抗bTB感染，支持了PTB疫苗接种可以增强对影响动物的主要分枝杆菌病的抵抗力这一观点。
