Science. 1995 Mar 3;267(5202):1324-6. doi: 10.1126/science.267.5202.1324.
Since 1951, the biomass of macrozooplankton in waters off southern California has decreased by 80 percent. During the same period, the surface layer warmed-by more than 1.5 degrees C in some places-and the temperature difference across the thermocline increased. Increased stratification resulted in less lifting of the thermocline by wind-driven upwelling. A shallower source of upwelled waters provided less inorganic nutrient for new biological production and hence supported a smaller zooplankton population. Continued warming could lead to further decline of zooplankton.
自 1951 年以来，南加州海域的大型浮游动物生物量减少了 80%。同期，海洋表面温度上升了 1.5 摄氏度以上，温跃层温差也有所增加。分层加剧导致由风生上升流引起的温跃层抬升减少。上升流的水源变浅，为新的生物生产提供的无机营养减少，因此支持的浮游动物数量减少。持续变暖可能导致浮游动物进一步减少。
